1.  What is Imperialism?  the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.  What countries where taken over at the start of the 20 th century?  Is it good or bad?

2.  1. Countries wanted raw materials (copper, furs, timber)  2. business people needed a new market to sell their goods  3. Imperialism was seen as a source of power and National Pride

3. Alaska: Purchased in 1867 for $7.2 million (less than 2 cents/acre) Added 600,000 sq miles to the U.S. Acquired valuable resources such as furs, minerals, and timber

4. Hawaii - Sugar had become the leading export of the Hawaiian economy (shipped duty free to the U.S.) - As sugar production boomed, planters became more power and seized power from King Kalakaua - McKinley Tariff – allowed all countries to ship sugar duty free to the U.S. Also gave U.S. sugar producers a subsidy (bonus payment) - U.S. seizes control of Hawaii in 1893 after sugar planters revolt against monarchy - Hawaii becomes a U.S. territory in 1900 ( a state in 1959)

5. Japan Japan practiced Isolationism for years (avoiding involvement in foreign affairs) U.S. convinced Japan, with technological gifts, to begin opening trade (1858) Over the next 40 years, Japanese leaders invested heavily into industry and the military

6. China 1895 – Japan defeats China allowing many countries to take advantage of China’s weak state. Spheres of Influence – areas where foreign nations control trade and resources Examples: Germany controlled harbors in the Shadong Province France and Japan controlled China’s southern provinces, Russia took control of Northern territories Great Britain took control of areas near Hong Kong

7.  Creates an Open Door Policy  All nations should have equal access to trade in China How do you think the Chinese felt?

8.  Boxers – were Chinese nationalists/members of a group called “The Fists of Righteous Harmony”  Spheres of Influence had caused much poverty amongst Chinese people  The boxers revolted in Beijing (China’s capital), killing more than 200 foreigners in the attack.  The revolt lasted more than 2 months before the boxers were defeated  China was forced to pay $333 million to foreign governments as a result of the Rebellion