1. Advanced Aeration, Inc. Presentation of Vacuum Bubble ® Technology

2. “It’s All About the Bubble TM !”

3. Today’s Challenges in Wastewater Treatment Wastewater Engineers are constantly challenged to:  Reduce accumulated solid waste.  Reduce power consumption.  Reduce undesirable odors.  Reduce contaminants in discharged water (Improve water quality).

4. Wastewater Treatment Basics

5. Wastewater Treatment All forms of wastewater consist of both organic and inorganic contaminants:  Solids that can settle out, suspended solids (cloudy water), and dissolved components.

6. Wastewater Treatment Inorganic contaminants are usually handled with physical and chemical processes: –Settling – gravity working for you –Filtration – screens, skimmers, etc. –Special equipment & chemicals Oil/water separators Dissolved air floatation (DAF) systems Polymers & floculants

7. Wastewater Treatment Biological treatment processes focus on the organic content in wastewater. Microscopic organisms (bacteria) degrade dissolved organic compounds rapidly to generate energy and build new bacteria. Excess organic loading can result in too much accumulated activated sludge.

8. Wastewater Treatment  Substantial contact time is required for bacteria to degrade organic matter.  Bacteria can rapidly degrade dissolved contaminants in water.  Solids are degraded more slowly over time.

9. Bacteria Three types – Anaerobic – Slow and smelly (H 2 S and CH 4 ). Aerobic – Prolific, efficient and clean (CO 2 and H 2 O). Facultative – can be either aerobic or anaerobic.

10. Optimize Organic Degradation Tilt the balance of microbial activity toward Aerobic digestion. Achieved through optimization of Oxygen Transfer Potential. Utilize Aeration technologies.

12. Aeration How is VBT TM different?

13. Aeration - Methods Many are only mixers or circulators. True aeration introduces bubbles into water.

14. Forced Air Bubble Formation Compressed air diffusers and Venturi systems all create bubbles with internal pressures greater than external pressures in the water column.

15. Vacuum Bubble ® Formation VBT TM patented bubble production creates bubbles with internal pressure slightly less than external pressure of the water column.

16. Vacuum Bubble ® Formation VBT TM bubbles shrink until reaching equilibrium. VBT TM bubbles stay in the water for several minutes.

18. Bubble Sizes One 20mm Bubble = - 300 3mm Bubbles Surface Area – 12.6cm 2 Total Surface Area – 84cm 2 6x greater than 20mm Bubble - 500,000 0.25mm Bubble Total Surface Area – 1000cm 2 80x greater than 20mm Bubble 12x greater than 3mm Bubble One 20mm Bubble = - 300 3mm Bubbles Surface Area – 12.6cm 2 Total Surface Area – 84cm 2 6x greater than 20mm Bubble - 500,000 0.25mm Bubble Total Surface Area – 1000cm 2 80x greater than 20mm Bubble 12x greater than 3mm Bubble

19. Bubble Size and Aeration Time: Bubbles stay in the water for minutes Size: Smaller bubble size = greater surface area Movement: Bubbles move sideways by diffusion