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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 AAPPA “Space Revisited” Workshop ADAPTIVE AIR CONDITIONING by David Uhlhorn Umow Lai & Associates Pty Ltd March 2003
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort Comfort Comfort Occupant satisfaction Occupant satisfaction Increased productivity Increased productivity
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort n Some parameters affecting comfort we can control: *temperature *humidity *air speed *ventilation rate *glare *solar radiation *lighting level *colours
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort n Some parameters affecting comfort we may not be able to control: *external weather conditions *clothing *relationship with other occupants *odours *job satisfaction *mood *health
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort Definition: “Thermal Comfort is that condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment” - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort Comfort conditions in air conditioned buildings: * *ASHRAE Standard 55 “Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy” - satisfies 80% of sedentary or slightly active persons.
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort Greater occupant control Greater occupant control Greater occupant comfort Greater occupant comfort
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort with Natural Ventilation Comfort conditions in naturally ventilated buildings:
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Comfort Adaptive Comfort Theory - occupants adapt to their environment via 3 modes: Behavioural - Behavioural - adjustment Physiological - Physiological - acclimatisation Psychological - Psychological - habituation and expectation
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Adaptive Air Conditioning: natural ventilation mechanical air conditioning Also called hybrid or mixed mode ventilation/air conditioning
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Adaptive Air Conditioning benefits: lower capital costs lower operating costs higher occupant satisfaction
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Potential for Natural Ventilation Percentage of hours/annum between 15-26 o C % of Total Hours/Annum Brisbane65 Sydney64 Perth55 Adelaide43 Melbourne37 Canberra30 Hobart26 Darwin25
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning The University of Melbourne - Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning The University of Melbourne - Bio21
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Deakin University, Burwood - Building T
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Deakin Building T
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Deakin Building T: Construction cost $1,650 per m 2 (cf typical > $2,000 per m 2 ) Energy target of 350 MJ per m 2 (cf typical 450 - 950 MJ per m 2 ) Average internal temperature 23 o C (Nov 02 - Jan 03)
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AAPPA Workshop March 2003 Adaptive Air Conditioning Summary: Comfort is a personal thing and best that can be expected is 90-95% satisfaction Occupants of naturally ventilated buildings have lower expectations than occupants of air conditioned buildings Degree of control of the environment has a major influence on satisfaction with thermal conditions
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