1. The Impact of the Enlightenment
Chapter 10, Section 3

2. The Arts Architecture and Art Music Literature
Royal courts and cathedrals
New artistic style rococo
Emphasized grace and charm
Music
Bach, Handel, Haydn, and Mozart
Literature
Development of the first European novel

3. Enlightened Absolutism
Rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their power
What were those principles?
Equality under the law
Freedom of worship
Freedom of speech
Freedom of press
Rights to assemble, hold property, and pursue happiness
Do you think all leaders follow these principles?

4. Russia Peter the Great had Europeanized Russia
6 weak successors followed him until another great leader emerged
Catherine the Great was the German wife of Peter III
Peter III was killed by a group of nobles
Following Peter III’s death, Catherine took control of Russia
Invited Denis Diderot to live in Russia and help include Enlightenment principles
Chose not to abide by these principles in fear that she may upset the nobles

5. Prussia
Frederick William the Great Elector had established Prussia as a European power
40,000 man army, 4th largest in Europe
Frederick II (Frederick the Great)
Invited Voltaire to live in his palace
Abolished torture in most cases, granted some freedom of speech and press
Still kept the serfdom and social structure of old

6. Austria Austria was large, but composed of many different peoples
Difficult to rule
Maria Theresa
Didn’t do much to include Enlightenment principles
Did make life easier for peasants
Joseph Theresa
Abolished serfdom and the death penalty
Established equality under the law and enacted religious toleration
Too much change for the people meant no success
Joseph was a failure, his successors undid almost all he had changed

7. War of the Austrian Succession
When Maria Theresa took control of Austria, Frederick II of Prussia decided to attack
Thought of female leadership as weak
Invaded the territory of Silesia
Both nations quickly rushed for allies
Austria – Great Britain
Prussia – France
War was fought in Europe, Asia, and North America
Seven years of fighting ( ) waged until the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed
Returned all territories except Silesia
Would soon influence another war in Europe

8. The Seven Years’ War What forced the war:
Competition over colonial claims (France and Great Britain)
Silesia never being returned
New alliances being formed
France, Austria, and Russia
England and Prussia
What created the new alliances:
France and Great Britain were competing over colonial land
Austria and Prussia were upset over Silesia situation
Russia saw Prussia as a threat to Russian goals in Europe

9. The War in Europe All major powers involved were fighting in Europe
France, Austria, and Russia vs Great Britain and Prussia
France, Austria, and Russia are winning until Peter III pulls Russian troops from Prussia
Forces a stalemate and the eventual end to fighting in Europe
Treaty of Paris of 1763 ends the war

10. The War in India
Fought between the British and the French over colonial control
British win French possessions in India
Treaty of Paris of 1763 forces France to leave their possessions under British control

11. The War in America
Another clash between the British and the French for colonial control
Also known as the French and Indian War
French and Native Americans vs British and colonies
French had more troops, British had more naval resources
Able to cut off French from supply and trade ships coming to Americas
Treaty of Paris of 1763 gave Canada and French land east of the Mississippi to England