1. Electric Forces and Fields
Holt Physics: 17-1 Electric Charge (Pages )
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2. 2 Kinds of Electric Charge
Both were named by Ben Franklin
1. Positive charge (+)
2. Negative Charge (-)
 Like charges repel
 Opposite charges attract
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3. Electric charge is conserved
Electrons are transferred from one object to another when they come into contact
 One object becomes negatively charged
 One object becomes positively charged
*** No charge is created or destroyed
 The overall charge remains the same
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4. Electric charge is quantized
Millikan’s oil droplet experiment
Electric charge is measured in Coulombs (C) and is symbolized by “e”
Quantized = occurs in discrete amounts
+e , +2e , +3e , etc.
* Electrons have a charge of – e
* Protons have a charge of +e
* 1e = 1.60 x C
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5. Millikan’s oil droplet experiment

6. Transfer of electric charge
The speed of transfer depends on material
Conductor - Material in which electric charge moves freely
 Most metals are good conductors
Insulators - Material in which electric charge doesn’t move freely
 Glass, plastic, wood, and rubber
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7. Transfer of electric charge
Semiconductors - Materials with properties between conductors and insulators
 Specific atoms have been added to
alter the properties
Superconductors - Become perfect conductors at or below at certain temperatures.
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8. Insulators and conductors can be charged by contact
Charged by contact by rubbing 2 insulators together and they attract each other
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9. Conductors charged by induction
Process of charging a conductor by placing it near a charged object then grounding the conductor. (Fig 17-4)
 Requires no contact between objects
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10. Conductors charged by induction
Grounding- when a conductor is connected to the earth by a wire or copper pipe.
Surface charge is polarization
 An insulator is placed near a charged object.
 Electrons in the insulator align themselves to
the charged object (all positive’s on one side,
all negative’s on the other side)
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11. Conductors charged by induction
 Only charged on the surface
 No net charge
To insert this slide into your presentation
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On the Slides tab, place your insertion point after the slide that will precede the image slide. (Make sure you don't select a slide. Your insertion point should be between the slides.)
On the Insert menu, click Slides from Files.
In the Slide Finder dialog box, click the Find Presentation tab.
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