1. CHARGING BY INDUCTION & CONDUCTION

2. STARRING

3. THE ELECTROSCOPE

4. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Neutral Electroscope Charges are balanced

5. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - No Reaction Neutral rod brought near - - + + + -

6. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Negative charge by Induction Negative rod brought near - - - - - - - - + + + -

7. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Temporary Dipolar charge Same charges repel - - + + + - - - - - - Electrons move down to leaves Leaves become negative - - + + + - - - - - - - - - - - -

8. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Remove negative rod Leaves will collapse + +

9. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Back to Neutral Electroscope

10. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Positive Charge by Induction Positive rod brought near - + + +

11. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Temporary Dipolar Charge Same charges repel Electrons move up to sphere Leaves become positive - + + +

12. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Leaves will collapse Remove positive rod

13. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Back to Neutral Electroscope

14. + + + + + + + - - - - - - Negative Charge by Conduction Negative rod makes contact - - - - - - - - - + + - - -

15. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + - + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Electrons are added Creates a Bridge Like charges repel Leaves become negative - - - - - - - - - + + - -

16. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Permanent Negative Charge Remove Negative Rod Like charges still repel Leaves stay negative

17. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----- - Ground Negative Charge Touch sphere with finger Extra Electrons are removed

18. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Back to Neutral Electroscope Charges are Balanced

19. + + + + + + + - - - - - - - Positive Charge by Conduction Positive rod makes contact - + + +

20. + + + + + + + - - Electrons are removed Creates a bridge Like charges repel Leaves become positive - + + + -

21. + + + + + + + - - Permanent Positive Charge Remove positive rod Like charges still repel Leaves stay positive

22. + + + + + + + - - Ground Positive Charge Touch sphere with finger Electrons are replaced - - - - -

23. + + + + + + + - - - -- - - Back to Neutral Electroscope Charges are Balanced