1. Geopolitics

2. Definitions
“A branch of geography which considers the strategic value of land and sea area in the context of the national economic and military power and ambitions.”
“The study of the interplay between international political relations and the territorial/environmental context in which they occur.”

3. Definitions “Another name for political geography.”
“The study of how geographic considerations influence long-run international relations.”
“The use of geographic information and concepts to attain political goals.”

4. Examples of Geopolitics
Manifest Destiny
19th century
Mexican War
Monroe Doctrine
European Colonies
Effectiveness
US Civil War
Cinco de Mayo
Roosevelt Corollary

6. Friedrich Ratzel Organic Theory of States “lebensraum”
Influence on WWII

9. Sir Halford Mackinder Heartland Theory Pivot area Geopolitik
Karl Haushofer
German Exploitation of Mackinder’s ideas

12. Nicolas Spykman Rimland Theory Containment Domino Theory Cold War
Korea (1950)
Vietnam (1964)
Afghanistan (1980)

15. Bush Doctrine Two main pillars are identified for the doctrine:
1. preemptive strikes against potential enemies, and
2. promoting democratic regime change.

17. Bush Doctrine preventive war,
depose foreign regimes that represented a potential or perceived threat
a policy of spreading democracy around the world, especially in the Middle East
pursue U.S. military interests in a unilateral way