1. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [WBAN = Mobile Femto-cell] Date Submitted: [5 January 2009] Source: [S.M. Ryu, D.Y. Kim, C.S. Eun, & H.S. Lee] Company [Casuh, Chungnam Univ., ETRI] Address [#813 Leaders B/D, 342-1, Bundang, Seongnam, Kyeonggi, 463-828, Korea] Voice: [+82-31-709-5577, +82-42-821-6862], FAX: [+82-31-709-5578, +82-42-823-5586] E-Mail:[retaw@casuh.com, dykim@cnu.kr, hsulee@etri.re.kr] Re: [Contribution to IEEE 802.15.6 Meeting, January 2009] Abstract:[In the future, WBAN and 5G communication system would not be separated systems. To increase mobile channel capacity, it is inevitable to reduce cell size. If we reduce cell size to 3m radius femto-cell, then the base station becomes a body coordinator. Therefore we should consider 5G communication phenomena during considering WBAN standard.] Purpose:[Proposal] Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) January 2009 S. M. Ryu CASUH D. Y. Kim, C.S. Eun CNU H. S. Lee ETRI WBAN = Mobile Femto-cell In the future, WBAN and 5G communication system would not be separated systems. To increase mobile channel capacity, it is inevitable to reduce cell size. If we reduce cell size to 3m radius femto-cell, then the base station becomes a body coordinator. Therefore we should consider 5G communication phenomena during considering WBAN standard.

3. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 3 How to increase mobile channel capacity ? MacroMicroPicoFemto Capacity 110010,000 Low Power Personal Space Mobility Tx Power 11/1,0001/1,000,000 3Km Macro. 300m Micro 30m Pico Femto 3m Ubiquitous World  Personal Mobile Space (WBAN)  Find new frequencies not developed yet ; no more available  Find new signal processing technique's ; only few times increasable  But we need few hundreds times capacity or more  The only way to achieve few thousand times capacity ; reduce cell size

4. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 4 Body Coordinator  Mobile Femto-cell Body Master  Body coordinator is not a sufficing concept.  Synchronous frames can reject mutual interference among RF’s.  So, Body coordinator should synchronize all of body device’s.  Better to rename body coordinator as “Body Master”.

5. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 5 Body Master Operation

6. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 6 Power Shift by Generation Consumer=Producer Homemade Products Product Ads Producer Industry Revolution Consumer distributor Consumer Governing Space Producer Consumer Revolution User internet distributor Producer Internet User distributor Producer Private Ads Google PicoCast broadcasting The market of Google is effective only when customer exists in front of the monitor What will be the next Google market ???

7. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 7 Paradigm Change : User Oriented User terminals should meet provider specifications Mobile Phone WiBro IPTV RFID USN DMB Mobile VoIP u-City Home Network Infra Ubiquitous WiBro IPTV RFID USN Mobile Phone DMB Mobile VoIP Home Network u-City Users select among services broadcast by providers Provider Oriented User Oriented

8. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 8 Internet Mobile Wired Broad- casting Market Initiative  WBAN Wired Broad- casting WBAN Mobile Wired Broad- casting WLAN Femto IPTV User oriented Ubiquitous : Mobile Femto-cell Mobile Internet Mobile VoIP Wired Mobile Broad- casting Int er net WLAN Femto IPTV Home Appliance Mobile VoIP Mobile Femto-cell

9. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 9 Mobile Femto-cell = Body Master ? Mobile Femto-cell = User Oriented Service Convergence Mobile Phone Wired PC IPTV Home Appliance Body Master

10. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 10 Body Master Mobility C A B e d f b c a S g h To reduce mutual interference, mutual synchronization is necessary

11. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 11 2.4GHz ~Mbps UWB ~10Mbps 400MHz ~ Kbps PHY MAC APP Medical Very high QoS Non-medical High Speed Full Single MAC Hybrid Dual MAC Arrange Requirements  List up user requirements  Check realizability  If no, reduce requirements Challenges & Opportunities  In-body / Out-body Interference  Multiple MAC or Single MAC ?  Compromise power & speed  Medical / Non-medical support  Add process gain for medical use ? Independent Multiple MAC Choose existing technique  Select good chip  Enhance antenna matching  Reduce system size & Good design Issues in WBAN Work Scope

12. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 12 Solutions for Challenges 1. In-body / Out-body Interference  Chg. : Even though difference frequency band interfere each other  Sol. : Synchronized Frame can reject mutual interference among PHY’s 128bit multi preamble is necessary to enhance sync. probability 2. Single MAC to support Multi-PHY’s  Chg. : Single PHY cannot meet so wide user requirements  Sol. : Multi preamble is useful to support scalable data rate Synchronized Frame can support different PHY’s without interference 3. Compromise Power & Speed  Chg. : Low power sensor and High speed multimedia should supported Sol. : Multi PHY concept can support Multi RF Block Sensor use single RF Block, Multimedia use multi RF Block’s 4. Medical / Non-Medical Dual support  Chg. : Medica needs 10 -10 BER performance with low speed  Sol. : 128bit Multi preamble provides enough Process Gain

13. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0485-01-0006 Submission H.S.Lee(ETRI),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & S.M.Ryu(Casuh) Slide 13 How to avoid mutual interference I0I0 I1I1 I2I2 I3I3 O1O1 O2O2 R R T T T R T R R T T R R R T Unified Frame R R R R T T T T R R T T R R R T T R R T T T TR R

14. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 14 Multiple Preamble Concept Lock time MessageEOF Fixed Header VariableMultiple Lock timeMessage Preamble EOF Header Conventional Frame Structure Suggested Frame Structure Sync Aide & Command Multiple Preamble contains short message Preamble

15. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 15 False Alarm & False Dismissal Probability for WBAN 64bit is not enough but 128 bit is too high ; so we suggest multi Preamble

16. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 16 Process Gain for Medical Use ~7dB Non-Medical Medical Spread Spectrum Block ~14dB Medical ~Kbps Non- Medical 100Kbps Environment SNR might be under the 0 dB

17. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 17 Single Baseband for Multi PHY(RF) Concept RF #1 f 1 RF #2 f 2 RF #3 f 3 RF #4 f 4 RF combiner 4M Mux/ Demux 12Mbps 32MHz Frame Format 16M Frequency Diversity High speed Tx with narrow band RF

18. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 18 Test Path Diversity Mode Diversity Number 12345 Case A Mode 1 5390 / 6461563 / 29667 / 3282 / 0210 / 0 Mode 2 3123 / 6022293 / 3162022 / 2531874 / 2301758 / 214 Mode 3 4506 / 10963258 / 9022868 / 8482666 / 8252541 / 811 Case B Mode 12700 / 329106 / 29 / 01 / 00 / 0 Mode 2 3601 / 6012487 / 3032136 / 2541945 / 2371816 / 229 Mode 3 2361 / 4221706 / 1851457 / 1351310 / 1251215 / 111 Case C Mode 1 8264 / 12723545 / 1011536 / 8637 / 0480 / 0 Mode 2 4648 / 7243416 / 4242976 / 3632750 / 3322580 / 309 Mode 3 5640 / 9614287 / 6143749 / 5143461 / 4603280 / 418 Frame Error Rate & Sync Loss Table # of frame error / # of Sync loss

19. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 19 Frame Structure example for scalable data rate LockPreambleTagAAPayloadEOF 1Mbps 250K ~ 4Mbps 250 μsec 128 μsec 64 μ 1500 μsec 50 μ 2msec 8μ8μ Overhead : Payload = 1 : 3 Payload Data Speed = 750Kbps ; 1MHz clock 750K / 1M 1.5M / 2M 3M / 4M 6M / 8M 12M / 16M Basic data rateScalable data rate

20. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 20 Additional Considerations for WBAN 30m Pico Femto 3m Power Control Fast paring Mutual Sync. Role Exchange QoS Check Emergency Alarm Hand-over Through Body 3m = Forward Body 30m

21. doc.: IEEE 802. 15-09-0003-00-0006 Submission S.M.Ryu(Casuh),D.Y.Kim (Chungnam Univ.), & H.S.Lee(ETRI) Slide 21 Conclusion  WBAN body master will work like a mobile femto-cell.  Increasing mobile channel capacity will reduce the cell size as small as possible  Mutual interference among Body’s must be solved.  Additional WBAN conditions should be considered for future market.  How to minimize the mutual interference among the crowded moving body’s ?  How to minimize initial sync time & how to maintain synchronized status ?  Who will be the super master and govern areal body’s ?  The WBAN standard should includes items as follows ;  Interference cancelling in-body, on-body, out-body, & among-body  Single MAC to support multi PHY for wide user requirements  Compromise conflicting items (power & high speed; medical & nonmedical)  New suggestions are submitted for chaos WBAN standard  Synchronous frame to reject interference in-, on-, out-, & among Body’s  Multi preamble to enhance synchronization probability & for special purposes  Multi RF & frame structure to compromise conflicting items