1. 1 ●Individual Differences on Growth and Development of Children An influence of metabolism, hormone, the properties of bone, dietary life, nutrition, and living and social environment makes differences on growth and development of children.

2. 2 ● Growth Disorder Short height Tall height Early sexual maturity Obesity Underweight

3. 3 ● The diseases and conditions for Growth Disorder 1.Endocrine diseases ： Growth hormone deficiency 2.Bone system diseases ： achondroplasia 3.Metabolism diseases ： rickets 4.Constitutional growth disorder ： inheritance growth disorder 5.Chronic diseases ： malnutrition 6.Chromosome disorder ： Down ’ s syndrome 7.Deformity ： Russel-silver syndrome 8.Psychosomatic Growth Disorder ： child neglect or abuse

4. 4 ● The diseases and conditions for underweight 1.Environmental factor: poverty, nutritional misunderstand, infection, etc. 2.Chronic diseases 3.Endocrine diseases 4.Inheritance metabolism diseases 5.Anorexia nervosa

5. 5 Cross-Sectional Standard Growth Chart Data in 2000 Height(cm ） boy AGE(year ） Weight(Kg ） Heigh t Weigh t average

6. 6 ● Rohrer Index ＝ weight (kg)/ （ height (cm) 3 ）ｘ 10 7 ● Rohrer index ＝ weight (kg)/ （ height (m) 3 ）ｘ 10 Rohrer index Useful to calculate for obesity level of children

7. 7 ● Rohrer index ex. height : 135cm, weight : 30kg Rohrer index ＝ 30÷1.35 3 ×10 ＝ 30/2.46×10 ＝ 122 （ Normal Weight ）

8. 8 ● Rohrer Index Severe Underweightunder １００ Underweight １００＜１１５ Normal Weight １１５＜１４５ Overweight １４５＜１５９ Obeseover １６０

9. 9 ● Kaup Index (BMI) ＝ （ weight (g)/ height (cm) 2 ）ｘ 10 ● Kaup index (BMI) ＝ weight (g)/ height (cm) / height (cm) ｘ 10 Kaup index (BMI) Useful to calculate for obesity level of small children and adult

10. 10 ● Kaup index ex. height : 100cm (1m), weight : 20kg Kaup index ＝ 20000÷100 2 ×10 ＝ 20000/10000×10 ＝ 20 （ Normal Weight ） BMI ＝ 20÷1 2 ＝ 20/1 ＝ 20 （ Normal Weight ）

11. 11 ● Kaup index (for small chi ｌ dren) Severe Underweight ＜ １３ Underweight １３ ＜１５ Normal Weight １５ ＜ １８ Overweight １８ ＜ ２０ Obese ２０ ＜

12. 12 ● BMI (for adult) Underweight < １８. ５ Normal Weight １８. ５ < ２５ Overweight ２５ < ３０ Obese ３０ <