1. 31.4 Immunity and Technology Living in a clean environment and building immunity help keep a person healthy.

2. 31.4 Immunity and Technology Antiseptics kill pathogens outside of the body. –do not target specific pathogens –cause pathogen to burst –ex. soap, rubbing alcohol

3. 31.4 Immunity and Technology Antibiotics kill pathogens inside the body –target one specific bacterium or fungus –cause pathogen to burst –not effective against viruses

4. 31.4 Immunity and Technology Antibiotic resistance can cause medicines to become ineffective. A bacterium carries genes for antibiotic resistance on a plasmid. A copy of the plasmid is transferred through conjugation. Resistance is quickly spread through many bacteria. Caused by: misuse or overuse of antibiotics Use in livestock feed Antibacterial soaps

5. 31.4 Immunity and Technology Vaccines control pathogens and disease –given to prevent illness –produce artificial immunity –contain the antigen of a weakened pathogen *NO evidence that vaccines cause autism!

6. 31.4 Immunity and Technology Community Immunity- Everyone is protected if a large % of people are vaccinated. (80-95%) People may opt out Personal Beliefs Medical Reasons