1. REDD+ After Cancun: Moving from Negotiation to Implementation
Information, Monitoring & MRV for REDD+ in Indonesia: The UN-REDD Approach
Joel Scriven
REDD+ After Cancun: Moving from Negotiation to Implementation
10 May 2011, Douala

2. Outline The UN-REDD Programme Information, monitoring & MRV
Approach in Indonesia (and generally in Asia Pacific)
Challenges to date
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

3. The UN-REDD Programme Established in 2008 by UNDP, UNEP and FAO
UNFCCC Bali Action Plan
Offers UN Joint Program: Delivering as One UN
Agreed delivery platform with FCPF and FIP
Supports countries to benefit from REDD+
Facilitate international cooperation;
Support countries through the development of the three REDD+ phases;
Capacity building and strengthening;
FAO: Focus on technical monitoring and MRV aspects
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

4. The UN-REDD Programme MRV and Monitoring REDD+ Governance
Stakeholder Engagement
Multiple Benefits of forests/REDD+
Transparent Equitable Accountable Management of REDD+ Payments
REDD+ Governance
REDD+ as Catalyst of Green Economy
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

5. The UN-REDD Programme
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

6. Following (& Translating) UNFCCC Decisions
Two UNFCCC Decision texts:
Decision 4/CP.15 on methodological guidance for REDD+;
Decision 1/CP.16 Section II Chap. C on policy approaches for REDD+.
Key points:
Use of International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidance and Guidelines;
System for providing information on REDD+ safeguards (Information);
Set-up of robust and transparent national forest monitoring systems (Monitoring and MRV);
Phased approach (1. Readiness; 2. Demonstration activities; 3. Fully MRV’ed national activities).
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

7. REDD+ Safeguards Information System
Parties must develop a system for providing information on how REDD+ safeguards are being addressed and respected throughout the implementation of REDD+ activities:
Consistent with the objectives of NFPs and international agreements;
Transparent and effective national forest governance structures;
Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and local communities;
The full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders;
Consistent with the conservation of natural forests and biological diversity;
Actions to address the risks of reversals (permanence);
Actions to reduce displacement of emissions (leakage).
Need to make this information accessible to all stakeholders during all implementation activities (Phases 2 and 3).
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

8. Monitoring Systems In Phase 2 of REDD+: In Phase 3 of REDD+:
Demonstration Activities Monitoring System: Ensure that subnational demonstration activities are results-based (i.e., result in measureable positive outcomes);
Provides basic national coverage data, e.g., forest cover changes and the location of fires (feeds into REDD+ Safeguards Information System);
E.g. Brazil’s PRODES TERRA-AMAZON
In Phase 3 of REDD+:
National Performance Monitoring System: Ensures that the implementation of national policies and measures on all the national territory are results-based (for the country to check how successful their policies and measures are and international transparency).
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

9. Measurement, Reporting & Verification
EMISSION FACTOR National Forest Inventory
ACTIVITY DATA
Satellite land monitoring system
2005 x M
REDD+ GHG Inventory
LULUCF Inventory
Inventory compilation QA/QC
Emission Inventory Database
UNFCCC = R
The three MRV components
Integration of remote sensing with ground surveys. V
UNFCCC Secretariat Roster of Experts

10. Phases & Elements: Bringing it all together...
Phase I
Readiness
Phase II
Results-based demonstration activities
Phase III
Payments for verified performance
REDD+ PHASES
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
Capacity building & development
REDD+ Safeguards Information System
REDD+ Safeguards Information System
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.
Demonstration Activities Monitoring System
National Performance Monitoring System
INFO, MON & MRV PHASES
MRV System
SLMS: AD
NFI: EF
GHG-I:
CO2e
SLMS

11. Global Significance of Indonesia’s Forests
3rd largest tropical forest area, peatlands; high deforestation rates
Hansen et al., South Dakota State University
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

12. Approach to Implementation in Indonesia
Follow phases
Phase 1: Readiness
Partnerships (e.g. Norway)
Extensive technical consultations
Develop Action Plan, including institutional arrangements: Build on existing capacities and expertise
Presidential Decree to enact Action Plan – including creation of new institutions and steering committees
Hire and train technical staff
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

13. Approach to Implementation in Indonesia
Phase 2: Transition, implementation & capacity building
Implementation:
National policies and measures (e.g., logging moratorium)
Demonstration Activities Monitoring System for subnational pilot activities (e.g., Central Kalimantan)
REDD+ Safeguards Information System
Capacity building:
SLMS (data and image collection, processing and analysis)
NFI (training of field teams, data management, processing and storage)
REDD+ GHG inventory (standardization of all official data, reporting requirements)
Phases: Decides that the activities undertaken by Parties referred to in paragraph 70 above should be implemented in phases, beginning with the development of national strategies or action plans, policies and measures, and capacity-building, followed by the implementation of national policies and measures and national strategies or action plans that could involve further capacity-building, technology development and transfer and results-based demonstration activities, and evolving into results-based actions that should be fully measured, reported and verified;
Safeguards: environmental integrity - national development priorities, objectives and circumstances and capabilities and should respect sovereignty - consistent with Parties’ national sustainable development needs and goals - context of sustainable development and reducing
poverty, while responding to climate change – adaptation – sustainable management of forests – relevant international agreements – governance, national legislation etc – respect knowledge and rights of indigenous people – full participation of relevant stakeholders – consistent with conservation and not conversion of national forests etc.

14. Approach to Implementation in Indonesia
Phase 3: Payments for verified performance
Integration of REDD+ with other mitigation actions
Fully operational MRV System to report REDD+ mitigation performance in CO2e: Payment linked to performance
REDD+ reporting requirements consistent with NAMAs (paragraphs 60 & 61, 1/CP.16):
National Communications every four years
Update reports every two years
REDD+ Safeguards Information System (ongoing)
Demonstration Activities Monitoring System  National Performance Monitoring System

15. Challenges International context Institutional Coordination Technical
Limited knowledge of negotiation outcomes
Institutional
Gaining national consensus
Coordination
Of international support
Distribution of tasks
Technical
Communicating and building lasting technical knowledge
Logistical
Extending training across Provinces

16. Thank you for your attention
Contact: