1. The Contaminated Sites Cleanup Process (18 AAC 75)

2. Cleanup Process – Overseen by ADEC A. Stop It 1. Initial Response (75.310) 2. Interim removal Action (75.330) B. Describe It 1. Site characterization (75.335) 2. Risk evaluation/cleanup levels (75.340-.350) C. Remediate It 1. Cleanup Plan (75.360) 2. Institutional Controls (75.375) D. Close It (75.380)

3. Immediate Response and Interim Removal Stop the immediate or current exposure

4. Step 1: Describe it – “assessment” or “characterization” What kind(s) of contamination? Where exactly is it? How could people, plants or animals come in contact with it?

5. Step 1: Describe it: Site Characterization Work plan

6. Step 2: Clean it up Most stringent levels  Groundwater must meet Federal drinking water levels Risk-based cleanup levels:  Are people or animals exposed?  Land use – residential? industrial? subsistence use?  Is the contamination spreading?

7. Step 3: Closure Once cleanup levels are met, the site is considered closed by DEC. If the strictest levels cannot be achieved conditions may be attached to the closure.

8. Before cleanup

9. Step 3: Closure

11. Before cleanup

12. Step 3: Closure Setting conditions

14. Step 3: Closure with Institutional Controls Institutional controls - examples  Deed restrictions against drilling wells or transporting soil or groundwater off site.  Responsible Party monitors contamination until cleanup levels are met.  Responsible Party must maintain a fence around, or a cap over, an area of contamination