1. Peacekeeping

2. The Persian Gulf War  In August 1990, Iraqi forces under the leadership of Saddam Hussein invaded the oil-rich country of Kuwait.  UN demanded Iraq to leave Kuwait and threatened economic sanctions if it refused.  US ordered that military force would be used to get Iraqi forces out of Kuwait  Iraqi forces did not listen to UN or US  The United Nations authorized a multinational force against an aggressor nation.  Canada contributed two destroyers, a supply ship, a squadron of CF-18 fighter jets, a field hospital, and hundreds of military personnel.  In January 1991, U.S. and coalition forces began bombarding targets in an effort to drive Iraqi troops from Kuwait.  Operation Desert Storm began  US and UN won the Gulf WAR  George Bush (George W. Bush’s father) introduced a “new world order”  UN would participate as a global police force

3. Genocide in Rwanda  Ethnic rivalries existed in Rwanda and many people were being killed  Belgium and France decided to get involved since they used to control the area  UN peacekeepers led by a Canadian were sent to Rwanda This Canadian was Major General Romeo Dallaire  He discovered that there was mass killing taking place in Rwanda  He went to the UN and introduced his plan to stop the killing  UN needed to send a huge army to stop the killing quickly and with the help of the US.  UN and US did not say yes to Dallaire’s plans  Because of no help, killings did not stop  Around a million people died (GENOCIDE)  The situation in Rwanda made people wonder how effect ive the UN was.

5. Somalia Debacle 1992 UN began “Operation Restore Hope” in Somalia  Somalia was experiencing a civil war and starvation  US and other countries like Canada helped to give food and important supplies to Somalia  Canada’s involvement in Somalia cause a crisis in Canada’s armed forces  Canadian soldiers attacked a Somalian teen and killed him  The army tried to hide this, so one would know.  Canadians found out and were surprised  The crisis made Canadian army look bad butchers or Peace keepers Beledweyne, Somalia 1992 - YouTube

6. Yugoslavia  In 1989 tensions broke out amongst the 6 small republics of Yugoslavia.  Conflict between the three main ethnic groups, the Serbs, Croats, and Muslims, resulted in genocide committed by the Serbs against the Muslims in Bosnia.  United Nations peacekeeping missions, including Canadian forces, were sent into the area, but hey were unable to control the situation.  Eventually NATO threatened to take steps.  In 1995, NATO forces launched a series of air strikes against the mainly Serbian forces of the Yugoslav army.  In 1999, the NATO alliance launched its first-ever military operation against an independent country= Kosovo