1. Direct speech and Reported speech
Nikola Haládeková

2. Language review Direct speech Reported speech
From direct speech to reported speech
Pronouns of Direct and Indirect speech
Adverbs of time and place
Exercise 1
Exercise 2

3. DIRECT SPEECH EG: I LOVE CHOCOLATE. She said: ,, I love chocolate:“
is used to give the exact words used by another speaker.
The words are given between quotation marks (" ") in writing:
EG: I LOVE CHOCOLATE.
She said: ,, I love chocolate:“

4. REPORTED SPEECH
is used to communicate what someone else said, but without using the exact words.
The tenses of the verbs are often changed.
EG: He said that he was going to come. (The person's exact words were "I'm going to come.")
REPORTING VERBS:
say - He said that ...
tell - He told me that ...
admit, agree, answer, believe, claim, complain,

5. Direct speech
Indirect (reported) speech
Present simple
I work.
... she worked.
Present cont.
You are working.
... you were working.
Past simple
I worked.
... she had worked.
Past cont.
They were working.
... they had been/were working.
Pres.perf.simp.
I have worked.
Pres.perf.cont.
I have been working.
... she had been working.
Past perf. simp
I had worked.
Past perf. cont
I had been working.
Future simple
I will/shall work.
... she would work.
Future cont.
I will/shall be working.
... she would be working.
Future perf.sim
I will/shall have worked.
... she would have worked.
Future perf.con
I will/shall have been working.
... she would have been working.

6. Pronouns DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH I / me / my
He, she /him, her/ his, her
You / your
I, we / me, us / my, our
We / us / our
They / them / their
This / these
That / those

7. Adverbs of time and place
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT SPEECH
Here
There
Now
Then, immediately
Today
That day
Tonight
That night
Tomorrow
The next / following day
Yesterday
The day before, the previous day
Ago
Before
This morning / week
That morning / week
Last night / month
The night / month before
Next week / year
The next / following week

8. Exercise 1 I´m living in Bratislava now.
Charlie said that he was living in BA now.
I saw Helen at a party in June and seemed fine.
He said that he had seen Helen and she had seemed fine.
I haven´t seen Diane recently.
He said that he hadn´t seen Diane recently.
My car was stolen a few weeks ago.
He said that his car had been stolen a few weeks ago.
I will tell Ann I saw you.
He said he would tell Ann he had seen me.

9. Exercise 2 Samira said, "Monica speaks English very well."
Samira said that Monica spoke English very well.
Gabriela said, "I can't possibly finish my work by five o'clock.„
Gabriela said that she couldn't possibly finish her work by five o'clock.
Martha said, "I am going to go to Mexico next year."
Martha said that she was going to Mexico next year.
Truc said, "I went to Vietnam to visit my family."
Truc said that she had gone to Vietnam to visit her family.
Sang said, "I have already written a letter to my family in Thailand."
Sang said that he had already written a letter to his family in Thailand.

10. SEE YOU LATER ...