1. Teaching with Scenarios An Integrated Strategy-based Approach to Teaching, Professional Development, and Support Tips for Teaching Copyright © Notice The materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of the Texas Education Agency (TEA) and may not be reproduced without the express written permission of TEA, for exceptions see the first page of this document.

2. Lesson Flow Preview Interactive Teacher Presentation Interactive Teacher Presentation Think-Pair- Share Comprehen- sion Check Think-Pair- Share Comprehen- sion Check Story Map Discussion Story Map Discussion Shared Reading Shared Reading Create Dialogue and Role Play Create Dialogue and Role Play Language and Vocabulary Practice Language and Vocabulary Practice Culture Notes Retelling Discussing Options Discussing Options LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES

3. Preview the Scenario Show students the cover picture and in a few words summarize the story. Include the title, the people, place, and problem in your summary. Make the connection to students lives by saying something like, “do you ever go to a clinic?” or “do you know the (local) factory.” Give students a minute to look at the front page and discuss the key words with each other. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

4. Mini-Presentation with Pictures Present the story to the students orally. Speak slowly but naturally and use pauses between sentences. Ask question as you go along to keep the class engaged and to make sure they understand. Use transition phrases such as, “Ok, let’s see what happens next”. Repeat and rephrase key information and act out the story as you go along. Alternatively, play the audio CD and ask students to fill out the Story Map. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

5. True/False Comprehension Check When you have finished the story, make a set of statements about the story and ask students to decide if the statement is true or false. Use Think/Pair/ Share: Students evaluate individually if a statement is True or False and then share the answer with a partner or in a small group. Ask the question again and have everyone hold up their True or False Cards. Ask students to justify their answer by providing evidence from the story. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

6. Story Map Discussion Ask students to work in pairs to discuss the story using the Story Map. They should talk about what happened, who was involved, or why someone felt a certain way. Encourage students to talk about what happened and discourage writing. After students finish, check answers. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

7. Retelling Ask students to work in pairs or small groups to retell the story using the pictures only (students need not write). For variation, cut pictures up and have students put them in the right order as they tell the story. Ask a couple students to present the story orally to the class (consider enlarging and laminating a set of story cards for this purpose). LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

8. Shared Reading Read the story aloud to the students while they follow along, looking at the pictures (ask beginners to follow with their fingers or a ruler). Then ask students to work in pairs reading the text without pictures to each other. Ask them to underline the words they don’t understand and have trouble with and discuss them. After students finish explain problems. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

9. Discussing Options Quickly review and highlight the problem in the story involving students. Ask students for ideas on how the problem could be solved and draw a chart on a flip chart (use the Options Chart in the text as a model). Ask students what the consequence of a particular option would be. Use the Think-Aloud Strategy to illustrate your thinking. Ask students to work individually and then in pairs or groups to discuss answers. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

10. Dialogue and Role Play Ask the same pairs or groups to pick their best option and create a dialog for the end of the story. Students can finish the dialogue in their book or can create their own. Encourage students to be creative. Ask a couple of pairs of students to role play their dialogue in front of the class. The other students evaluate how well they did, using the rubric. Discuss with the class if the problem was handled appropriately. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

11. Language and Vocabulary Practice Highlight the key vocabulary from the scenario once more and put students who share the same language in pairs so they can discuss the vocabulary and complete the match-up activity (model the activity first!). If there is an odd person, work with that student. Ask students to put words they want to remember in the Personal Dictionary. Explain and model the language activity and have students complete the activities in pairs. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

12. Cultural Notes Culture notes are designed to have students grapple with key issues through thinking and discussion. Introduce a few of the culture notes and ask students if they agree or disagree with the statement. Probe for why they agree or not. Then ask students to work in pairs or small groups to tackle the rest of the questions. Debrief with the students and highlight expectations of the American workplace (see comments in notes). LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Lesson Flow

13. Instructional Strategies

14. Scenarios for Problem Solving Use Scenarios for problem solving. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

15. Scenarios for Socio-cultural Skills LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

16. PowerPoint Use PowerPoint (or transparency) to set context and illustrate language. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

17. True-False Cards Use True-False cards to check understanding. Use Think-Pair-Share to make it a meaningful activity. TRUE FALSE LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

18. Sketches that tell a story Use compelling visuals to support presentation and foster discussion. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

19. Think-Pair-Share Use Think-Pair- Share to build engagement. Students think about the answer individually first then pair up and share their answers. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

20. Click and Clunk Use Click and Clunk to monitor reading comprehension. As students read with you, they say “click” when they understand a word or phrase and “clunk” when they don’t. Click Clunk LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

21. Oral and Written Language Connect oral and written language to deepen language learning. Have students listen and retell before they read the story So you see, it’s really quite easy if you just listen to me. Thanks you so much. I was looking for guidance. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

22. Cloze Tests Use Cloze Tests and Dictations to focus on language. Alex overslept and was ____ for work. He ____ his cell phone at home. He couldn’t call his ____ to tell him he ___ late. Alex was in ____. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

23. Fix-up Teach Fix-up strategies to help students repair miscommunication or lack of understanding. Fix up includes double checking, admitting fault and saying, “It won’t happen again.” LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

24. Analyzing Options and Consequences Ask students to outline a problem and generate options. Have them consider the consequences of each option. Use charts to help them organize their ideas. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

25. Role Plays Use Role Plays to foster spontaneous communication. Build the Role Plays around dialogues students have created and practiced. Discourage memorization or reading the dialogues. I shouldn’t say this, but… Oh, please do. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

26. Flash Cards Use Flashcards to build vocabulary. Use large picture cards in front of the class to have students generate language and have students practice with smaller cards. Gossip LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

27. Conversation Cards To practice and extend Role Plays make up conversation cards that act as prompts for students. Talk about the weather. Talk about your family. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

28. Graphic Organizers Use graphic organizer such as Story Maps or tables for options and consequences to help students organize their ideas LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

29. Think Alouds Make thinking process visible by articulating your thoughts to students. Explain how you would solve a scenario (“ok, here I am a nurse. I have very little time….” OK, so here’s how I came up with the answer. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

30. Mini-Poems Use Mini-Poems to promote writing. Three Things I Like About Home Family events Familiar places Mother’s cooking Two Things I Don’t Dusty roads Cousin Rober t LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

31. Sketches and Picture Stories Use sketches to illustrate scenarios. Encourage students to retell the story using storyboards. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

32. Chalk-Talks Use Chalk-Talk to extend the scenarios and tell new stories. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

33. Videos Use videos to extend scenarios and foster listening comprehension. Modern Times is fun as are various I Love Lucy episodes. Consider the English for All videos. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

34. Songs Use songs to extend scenarios. Sixteen Tons Song by Tennessee Ernie Ford LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

35. Computer and Web - Background Use Computer & Web to build background knowledge. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

36. Preview Use preview to activate background knowledge. LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

37. Question Generating & Answering Use question generating & answering to increase comprehension. Students make up questions about a story and a partner tries to find the answer in the story Who is Manny? What is a utility knife? Why is Manny in trouble? LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

38. Use Realia to Set the Context Bring in items that help iillustrate the story, such as dolls, utility knives, belts, switches and other items to make the scenarios come alive LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy

39. Mini-Projects Use Mini-Projects to reinforce language, culture & work skills. Have students work in teams to create an ad campaign for a new product or write a Public Service Announcement LESSON FLOWSTRATEGIES Strategy