3. Year 10asc1

4. Starter Complete the sentence Plants get their energy from

5. Now increase the level of your answer by adding more detail.

6. Plants get their energy from sugar that is made during photosynthesis

7. Make it even better Plants get their energy by the following equation for respiration Glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + Energy

8. WALT To know that some fruit, nuts and seeds contain oils and outline how oils are extracted from plant materials. To know what unsaturated oils are and how we can test for them. WILF All are able to identify a method to extract oils from plants (grade D) Most are able to describe how oils are extracted from plant materials and how to test for unsaturation (grade C) Some are able to evaluate the methodology and explain how to make improvements (grade B)

9. Distillation Apparatus

10. Task 1.Draw and label the distillation apparatus. 2.Describe how the oil is extracted by this method (use bullet points)

11. WALT To know that some fruit, nuts and seeds contain oils and outline how oils are extracted from plant materials. To know what unsaturated oils are and how we can test for them. WILF All are able to identify a method to extract oils from plants (grade D) Most are able to describe how oils are extracted from plant materials and how to test for unsaturation (grade C) Some are able to evaluate the methodology and explain how to make improvements (grade B)

12. Cold Pressing Olive Oil

13. Grinder with two millstones First the olives are ground into an olive paste using large millstones. The olive paste generally stays under the stones for 30 to 40 minutes. millstones Objectives To guarantee the olives are well ground To allow small droplets to form large droplets of oil To allow fruit enzymes to produce some of the aromas and taste

14. Pressing After grinding, the olive paste is spread on fibre disks, which are stacked on top of each other, then placed into the press. Traditionally the disks were made of hemp or coconut fibre, but in modern times they’re made of synthetic fibres which are easier to clean and maintain.

15. Testing for Unsaturation Saturated fats and oils have only single bonds Unsaturated fats and oils have some carbon atoms joined by double bonds Unsaturated compounds turn orange bromine water colourless Unsaturated fats turn iodine solution colourless

16. WALT To know that some fruit, nuts and seeds contain oils and outline how oils are extracted from plant materials. To know what unsaturated oils are and how we can test for them. WILF All are able to identify a method to extract oils from plants (grade D) Most are able to describe how oils are extracted from plant materials and how to test for unsaturation (grade C) Some are able to evaluate the methodology and explain how to make improvements (grade B)

17. Practical Task 1.Collect your equipment – mortar and pestle, a tablespoon of seeds, plastic pipette, test tubes x 2, ethanol 2.Grind the seeds in the mortar with the pestle 3.Add ethanol carefully a few drops at a time to extract the oil 4.Add a few drops to a test tube with a small amount of iodine solution in it and observe. 5.Half fill a test tube with water 6.Using a pipette layer some of the extract onto the water 7.If a white opaque layer forms this is positive for fats 8.Repeat with a different type of seed

18. Practical write up Write a brief report on the practical which includes the following a)You need to identify the independent and dependent variables b)State which variables should be controlled c)Describe what you found out and explain why it happened d)Evaluate the method – you will need to describe what is good about it, what is poor and how it can be improved

19. Peer Assess Read the evaluation of another student. Suggest ways that they could improve their evaluation write up

20. WALT To know that some fruit, nuts and seeds contain oils and outline how oils are extracted from plant materials. To know what unsaturated oils are and how we can test for them. WILF All are able to identify a method to extract oils from plants (grade D) Most are able to describe how oils are extracted from plant materials and how to test for unsaturation (grade C) Some are able to evaluate the methodology and explain how to make improvements (grade B)

21. Part 2 Saturated and unsaturated oils

22. WALT What is unsaturation and why is it important for good health ? WILF All are able to identify the difference between a saturated and unsaturated oil (grade D) Most are able to describe what is unsaturation and carry out practical work to determine the saturation of an oil (grade C) Some are able to explain how and why oils affect health (grade B)

23. Starter 1.What does the term unsaturation mean? 2.Are alkanes or alkenes unsaturated? 3.How do we test for unsaturation? 4.Are saturated or unsaturated oils best for your health? 5.Explain the reason for your answer

24. Complete the diagram Where are vegetable oils used

25. Using plant oils

27. Chemistry of fats and oils

28. What are the differences between fats? Saturated fats contain no carbon-to-carbon double bonds. The straight fatty acids chains pack closely together. Unsaturated fats contain at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond. This bends the fatty acid chains and they cannot pack closely together. Saturated fats are less healthy than unsaturated fats because the dense packing makes them harder for the body to digest.

29. Fats and Health Use the additional applied text books to find out why some types of fat are bad for you. Write a paragraph into your exercise books using the information you found

30. WALT What is unsaturation and why is it important for good health ? WILF All are able to identify the difference between a saturated and unsaturated oil (grade D) Most are able to describe what is unsaturation and carry out practical work to determine the saturation of an oil (grade C) Some are able to explain how and why oils affect health (grade B)