1. NTU Confidential Test Asynchronous FIR Filter Design Presenter: Po-Chun Hsieh Advisor:Tzi-Dar Chiueh Date: 2003/12/1

2. NTU Confidential 2 Outline Low Power Issue of Asynchronous Circuits Test FIR Design - Logic circuits - Multiplier - FIR Architecture Future work Conclusion Reference

3. NTU Confidential 3 Low Power Issue of Asynchronous Circuits No global clock Functions work only when needed Dynamic Logic and Domino Logic

4. NTU Confidential 4 Asynchronous FIR filter and other Asynchronous Modules Every component of FIR works in each evaluation For other modules, functions work only when needed

5. NTU Confidential 5 Low power Filter Logic circuits Multiplier FIR Architecture

6. NTU Confidential 6 Computation Units 4-phase handshaking is easier to design Req in is low  clean the content  “done” is low Req in is high  evaluate  “done” is high

7. NTU Confidential 7 Dynamic Logic and Domino Logic Match the requirements for Computation Unit No spontaneous transitions, low power Drawbacks –Must be Monotonous Inputs –Completion Detection Methods

8. NTU Confidential 8 Problem of Bounded delay method How to design delay element ?

9. NTU Confidential 9 Problem of activity-monitoring completion- detection (AMCD) method (1/2) Test the transitions at important points Used in Single-rail CMOS Logic [1]

10. NTU Confidential 10 Problem of activity-monitoring completion-detection (AMCD) method (2/2) When used in dynamic (domino) logic, maybe it will never pull down the signal [2]

11. NTU Confidential 11 Differential Cascode Voltage Switch Logic (DCVSL) Dual-rail Domino Logic gate Drawbacks: Area 、 Power consumption Completion detection method  only add in the output cascode stages

12. NTU Confidential 12 Low power Logic gate Single-rail bounded-delay dynamic (domino) logic gates are very low power, but have two problems Before finding solutions, choose to use DCVSL

13. NTU Confidential 13 Asynchronous Multiplier Multiplier is the most important part in a FIR filter Sign and Magnitude [5]

14. NTU Confidential 14 Data Dependent Carry Save Adder Array (1/2) MD: Multiplicand; MR: Multiplier; PP: Partial Product [3]

15. NTU Confidential 15 Data Dependent Carry Save Adder Array (2/2) 4X4 Carry Save Adder array By probability, only turn on 50% adders [4]

16. NTU Confidential 16 Partially work by DCVSL Logic If MR(n)=“1” ( MR(n).t=“1”; MR(n).f=“0”; ) then the adder cell works If MR(n)=“0” ( MR(n).t=“0”; MR(n).f=“1”; ) then the adder cell will not work

17. NTU Confidential 17 FIR Architecture H: Handshake Circuit; h(0)~h(N): coefficients

18. NTU Confidential 18 Future Work Test the designed FIR module Search for low power FIR architecture and Multiplier Try to find solutions to the problems of single-rail dynamic (domino) logic

19. NTU Confidential 19 Conclusion Unlike other kinds of Asynchronous circuits, every component of FIR works every time. Choose FIR architecture, Multiplier, and Implement Circuits to make FIR low power.

20. NTU Confidential 20 Reference [1] Grass, E. and S. Jones, "Activity-monitoring completion- detection (AMCD): a new approach to achieve self-timing ", Electronics Letters, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 86-88, January 1996 [2] Bartlett, V.A. and E. Grass, "Completion-detection technique for dynamic logic," Electronics Letters, vol. 33, no. 22, pp. 1850-1852, October 1997. [3] Bartlett, V. A. and E. Grass, “A Self-Timed Multiplier using Condutional Evaluation", Proc. PATMOS'98, 8th International Workshop on Power, Timing, Modelling, Optimization and Simulation, Lyngby, Denmark, pp.429-438, October 1998 [4] D.Kearney and N.W.Bergmnn, “Bundled Data A syncheonous Multipliers with Data Dependent Computation Times”, Proc. ASYNC ’ 97, 2nd Int.Symp. On Advanced Research in Asynchronous Circuits and Systems,pp. 186-197,1997 [5] Bartlett, V. A. and E. Grass, “A Low-Power Asynchronous VLSI FIR Filter", Proc. ARVLSI'01, 19th Conference on Advanced Research in VLSI, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, March 2001.