1. United States Government Common Assessment Review Look at the terms on the next page and identify the ones you may not know.

2. US Government 1 st Quarter Common Assessment Review  Be able to identify the following terms, documents, principles, and people:  Checks and Balances Separation of PowersFederalism Judicial ReviewLimited Government  Popular SovereigntySocial ContractMagna Carta Articles of Confederation  democracydictatorshipanarchy republicArticles I, II, III  10 th AmendmentReserved PowersSupremacy ClauseElastic ClauseFull Faith & Credit Clause  Hierarchy of Government (local/state/national)Federalist Anti-federalistBill of Rights  Federalist #10Great (Connecticut) Compromise LiberalsConservatives  DemocratsRepublicansModerates John LockeJames Madison  Thomas JeffersonAlexander Hamilton

3. Answers to the Worksheet Questions!  What is government?

4.  The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.

5.  2. What, therefore, is the purpose of government?

6.  To make and implement the public policies of the country.

7.  3. What are the two main classifications of governments found around the world?

8.  Democracies   and Dictatorships

9.  4. What is a representative democracy?

10.  A form of government in which the people choose representatives through elections to make public policy.

11.  5. What is it also known as?

12.  A republic.

13.  6. What has happened to government in the United States since the beginning of the country, especially in the 20 th century?

14.  It has grown in both size and in the scope of what it tries to do.

15.  7. What Enlightenment thinker had the most influence on the government of the United States?

16.  John Locke

17.  8. What according to John Locke is perfect freedom?

18.  Anarchy

19.  9. What political theory of Locke’s states that individuals get there rightful authority from the consent of the governed?

20.  Social Contract

21.  10. What main idea of US government developed out of the Magna Carta?

22.  Limited Government

23.  11. What was the first official plan of government in the United States?

24.  Articles of Confederation

25.  12. Which principle that the US Constitution is based on involves dividing the power of government into three parts?

26.  Separation of Powers

27.  13. Which principle that the US Constitution is based on involves sharing power between the national and state governments?

28.  Federalism  Our government, therefore, is said to have a federal system of government.

29.  14. Which principle that the US Constitution is based on involves giving powers to each part that enables them to keep the other branches from becoming too powerful?

30.  Checks and Balances

31.  15. What are some examples of checks and balances?

32.  Senate must approve appointments of the President.  President can veto laws.  Supreme Court can rule laws unconstitutional.

33.  16. What is Judicial Review?

34.  The Power of the Supreme Court to rule laws and executive acts unconstitutional.

35.  17. Which compromise at the Constitutional Convention settled the question of representation in Congress?

36.  The Great or Connecticut Compromise

37.  17. What are delegated or expressed powers?

38.  Powers specifically stated in the Constitution.

39.  18. What are implied powers?

40.  Powers reasonably suggested by the elastic or necessary and proper clause.

41.  19. What are reserved powers?

42.  Powers not given to the national government are “reserved” for the states.

43.  20. What part of the Constitution says that if there is a conflict between a national and state law the national law wins?

44.  The Supremacy Clause

45.  21. Based on the Supremacy Clause, what is the hierarchy of government in the United States?

46.  National / State / Local governments

47.  22. What is the Full Faith and Credit Clause?

48.  The part of the Constitution that requires each state to honor the public acts and records of the other states.

49.  23. What had to be promised to get the Constitution ratified?

50.  A bill of rights

51.  24. What part of the Constitution was designed to protect the minority from the “tyranny of the majority?

52.  The Bill of Rights

53.  25. What does the First Amendment guarantee?

54.  Freedom of speech, religion, press, and the right to assembly and petition.

55.  26. Are these freedoms and liberties absolute?

56.  No  No freedom of speech that endangers others, no right to assembly that endangers the public safety.

57.  27. What is the difference between a liberal and a conservative?

58.  A liberal is more willing to try something different or new, a conservative is more of a supporter of the status quo, keeping things the way they are.

59.  28. What would be some common positions of both?

60.  Liberal – proactive government action to solve perceived problems.  Conservative – less government, no big changes like same sex marriage.

61.  29. What two major  political parties do most  Americans identify  with?

62.  Republican and Democrat

63.  30. What is the major  drawback of a multi-  party system.

64.  Because it relies on coalitions, it is less stable than a two party system.

65.  31. What are the major  differences between an  interest group and a  political party?

66.  Interest Groups focus on one issue, a political party focuses on many.   Interest Groups do not nominate candidates for office, political parties do.   Interest groups only want to affect public policy, political parties want to control government and all public policies.

67.  32. What did James  Madison warn against  in Federalist #10?

68.  The danger of factions.