1. Cellular Respiration CHAPTER 7

2. When is ATP Made in the Body?
What Does ATP Do for You?
It supplies YOU with ENERGY!
When is ATP Made in the Body?
During a Process called Cellular Respiration that takes place in both Plants & Animals

3. Cellular Respiration Includes pathways that require oxygen
Glucose is oxidized and O2 is reduced
Glucose breakdown is therefore an oxidation-reduction reaction
Breakdown of one glucose results in 36 to 38 ATP molecules

4. Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration – the complex process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds.

5. What are the Stages of Cellular Respiration?
Glycolysis
The Krebs Cycle
The Electron Transport Chain

7. Where Does Cellular Respiration Take Place?
It actually takes place in two parts of the cell:
Glycolysis occurs in the Cytoplasm
Krebs Cycle & ETC Take place in the Mitochondria

8. Review of Mitochondria Structure
Smooth outer Membrane
Folded inner membrane
Folds called Cristae
Space inside cristae called the Matrix

9. Step 1 of cellular respirations Glycolysis
Takes place in the Cytoplasm
Anaerobic (Doesn’t Use Oxygen)
Requires input of 2 ATP
Glucose split into two molecules of Pyruvate or Pyruvic Acid
Also produces 2 NADH and 4 ATP
Pyruvate is oxidized to Acetyl CoA

10. GLYCOLYSIS

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After glycolysis…
Once the glucose has been broken down into pyruvic acid, one of two things can happen…
1. if there is oxygen present = aerobic respiration
2. if there is NO oxygen present = fermentation
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12. Fermentation Occurs when O2 NOT present (anaerobic)
Called Lactic Acid fermentation in muscle cells (makes muscles tired)
Called Alcoholic fermentation in yeast (produces ethanol)

13. Fermentation

14. Aerobic vs. Anaerobic

15. Aerobic respiration Second stage of cellular respiration.
In most cells glycolysis does not result in fermentation. Instead when oxygen is available, pyruvic acid that was produced in glycolysis undergoes aerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria.
Can be divided into two steps:
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain

16. Krebs Cycle Summary Requires Oxygen (Aerobic)
Cyclical series of oxidation reactions that give off CO2 and produce one ATP per cycle
Turns twice per glucose molecule
Produces two ATP
Takes place in matrix of mitochondria
Also produces NADH & FADH2 (The red bulls)
Basically it just shuffles carbon around to give off carbon dioxide

17. Krebs Cycle

18. Electron Transport Chain Summary
Uses NADH & FADH2 from krebs cycle
34 ATP Produced
H2O Produced
Occurs Across Inner Mitochondrial membrane
Electron Transport Chain Animation

20. Concept map