1. evaluating your design ideas and testing them out.
When designing our steady hand game we will need to think about the following :
evaluating our research findings.
inspiration from research
evaluating + refining our design thinking to make sure they work.
developing concept
ideas
modifying ideas, testing + modelling
detailing the final design.

2. CONCEPTS This stage is all about recording your ideas very quickly.
Do not get caught up with the details. As you explore each idea you can add detail such as colour later on
Do not assume that your first idea will be the best
TASK: Sketch and describe some interesting ideas
Remember – the game needs to be as innovative as possible so invest your time and effort into being creative. Think about the other successful products you saw in your research.

3. DESIGN DEVELOPMENT the handle must
In design development we try to refine ideas by considering the user. We use our research to improve ideas and decide if they are feasible,
conduct electricity
possible ideas
the handle must
fork- possibly dangerous
be safe
pliers- hard to use in small space
collect the cube
spike/rod- possibly dangerous
Other considerations :-
tube (inside the ‘bomb’)-must conduct electricity
bombs are not square – needs to be round
bombs not a suitable idea for a child's toy
child could get his or her hand stuck inside
glove- tube would need to be bigger
tweezers- easy to make
TASK: Add notes and sketches to evaluate ideas, and describe the changes they might need to improve them. Get your friends to give you suggestions

4. BOMB DISPOSAL DEVELOPING AN IDEA
This stage is all about developing one or more of your ideas. Here you can evaluate the idea and begin to add some detail
OVERALL
THEME
BOMB DISPOSAL
This idea could use a card tube with conducting foil inside.
Thinking about materials could help you make the correct decisions
Asking the opinion of others could be useful at this stage
Consider each idea against your specification. Think about how you could make the product. Is it feasible?
TASK: Produce more detailed drawings of your best ideas. Label the parts. Refer to your specification points

5. PUZZLE WIRE GAME Developing another idea NEW THEME
As a result of asking the opinions of others, our research has shown that the puzzle wire game will be more popular if it has a theme.
Once you have an idea
an image board can help stimulate or improve ideas.
Collect images related to your theme and scanning them carefully to help to give you ideas.
Finding inspiration
TASK: In order to improve all or some of your best idea or ideas, produce an image board that is relevant to your project

6. DEVELOPING ANOTHER IDEA
Start with
an image
Shapes can be traced and then modified to suit your design
Ideas can be
produced using CAD
Alternative shapes and colours tried out quickly
Produced using 2D Design Tools V2

7. The PIC circuit
A suitable PIC circuit is the CH1040 circuit from Revolution Education. It has one input and four outputs, one of which can provide music through a piezo sounder.
It is essential to make templates of this circuit and the batteries before developing our design further.
It also enables us to accurately model our ideas in card so that we can get all our measurements correct.
Here are three arrangements for the circuit board and battery pack
TASK: Make full scale templates of a circuit and battery pack

8. MODELLING AN IDEA
Quick card modelling is a very effective ways to test out how a design ideas is working. Making card templates of your circuit and battery helps to make sure that they will fit the design idea that is being developed.
What advantages does the designer have by making models?
TASK: Make full scale models of your best idea in order to test them and estimate how much material you will need

9. MODELLING AN IDEA
After completing a satisfactory card model we can use computer aided design (CAD) to develop the chosen idea further and prepare for computer aided manufacture.
TASK:
Produce a CAD drawing of your best idea or model.
Export the drawing into ProDesktop. Copy it. Then extrude it by 3mm. Finally add the previously made components – battery box and circuit board
The circuit boards opposite has already been drawn and rendered using ProDesktop

10. MODELLING AN IDEA
Not only is the ProDesktop a very realistic representation of a final idea but it also allows you evaluate the appearance after making changes.
Even the colour of the LEDs can be changed

11. DETAIL DESIGNING
When fitting components such as circuits, batteries, LEDs, sounders and switches we have to follow certain rules:
All components must be fully secure in the case
All components must be accessible for repair or replacement
Components should be placed in a way that minimises wiring
There should be as little bare wires showing as possible
It should be possible to remove components when required
The entire product should be designed in a way that allows disassembly and recycling at the end of its life – sustainable design
Detail designing is about making the correct decisions about what goes where and how.
If you get this wrong then your product may be hard to use or even dangerous.
TASK: Annotate your final design to show that you have considered all of the above

12. DETAIL DESIGNING
FITTING CIRCUIT BOARDS
Most circuit boards have a hole in each corner. You can use these in several ways.
PCB
Case
Wood
Drill holes through the sides of the case then fit small screws that attach these PCB pillars to the case
Use very small self tapping screws to attach the circuit board to two strips of wood. Glue the wood to the inside of the case.
Drill holes through the sides of the case. Fit a long screw all the way through, including the circuit board. Use a plastic tube to act as a spacer to keep the board away from the case
PCB
Case
Spacer

13. DETAIL DESIGNING Which method? FITTING CIRCUIT BOARDS
This usually depends on your budget, your available equipment and the type of material you are making the case out of. Some methods also take longer and need more accuracy in manufacturing.
Lining up holes before drilling can be difficult by hand but easy using CAM.
Circuit boards can held in place using a slot or groove in a block.
You could cut the slot with a saw or make up the holder using layers of wood or plastic.

14. DETAIL DESIGNING FITTING BATTERIES
The most common types of standard battery used in electronic products are:
the PP3 9V ‘square’ battery
the AA ‘penlight’ battery in series to produce 3v, 4.5v or 6v
Each battery poses its own storage problems in electronic products.
The key when designing is to remember that batteries have to be changed!
Possible ways holding the batteries in place
A PP3 holder but these are expensive
Another way is to make a little box to hold the battery in place
Sheet metal such as aluminium or 2mm rigid polystyrene can be formed into PP3 holders. The material chosen needs to be springy

15. DETAIL DESIGNING The PICAXE circuit
This is the input connection on the PICAXE circuit. The PICAXE chip can detect contact between the wires.
CH1040
08M PicAxe
Here is the USB connector. You connect this to your PC and write your programme. You then download to the chip
This circuit board has three LED outputs.
This is the Piezo Sounder output.
It is controlled by the sound and tune command.
TASK:
Draw the final design with ALL the detail needed to make it. Show how and where all the parts fit in your toy. Put measurements or dimensions on your drawing.

16. DETAIL DESIGNING PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 1
The three LEDs are controlled by written instructions you type into software called PROGRAMMING EDITOR
The instruction or command for turning on an output (and therefore an LED) is high followed by the output number.
This output is currently connected to the RED LED and is known as output 0 so the correct command to turn on that LED is high 0. What command turns to turn it off is low

17. DETAIL DESIGNING PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 1
This output is currently connected to the YELLOW LED and is known as output 1 so the correct command to turn on that LED is high 1.
The Piezo Sounder is on output 2 and the switch is on output 3. Therefore it is the GREEN LED that is on output 4 so is controlled by high 4
You can control how long an output stays on or off by using either a wait or a pause instruction
For example:
wait 5 will keep an output on for five seconds
pause 500 will keep an output on for 500 milliseconds or 0.5 seconds

18. DETAIL DESIGNING main: high 0 low 4 pause 250 low 0 high 4 goto main
PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 2
A programme is a sequence of instructions that the picaxe chip will obey in a logical order. If our instructions are in the right order then the sequence will work correctly.
Here is a simple programme:
This programme is called ‘main’
main:
high 0
low 4
pause 250
low 0
high 4
goto main
These control the outputs
The ¼ second delay
These control the outputs
The ¼ second delay
This loops the program back to the start again so it carries on and on and on!

19. DETAIL DESIGNING main: high 0 wait 2 high 1 high 4 low 0 low 1 low 4
PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 2
The programme must have the correct syntax – correct spelling, lower case, spaces, brackets and colons when required etc. Care is needed.
Here is another LED flashing programme:
main:
high 0
wait 2
high 1
high 4
low 0
low 1
low 4
goto main
This programme is called ‘main’
Turn on red LED
The 2 second delay
Now turn on the Yellow LED
Finally the green LED
These turn off all the LEDs
Task: Type this programme into Programming Editor and download it into your PICAXE circuit
This loops the program

20. Quiz DETAIL DESIGNING PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 2
1. Which command turns on a output 4?
Quiz
2. Which instruction gives a 3 second time delay?
ANSWERS
high 4
wait 3
Turn off output/LED 0
Turn output 4 on for
½ second then off
5. goto main
3. What does the command low 0 do?
4. What does the following programme do?
main:
high 4
pause 500
low 4
5. What line could you add to Q.4 to make it loop continuously

21. DETAIL DESIGNING PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 2
We can use the sounder on output 2 to provide simple sounds
The correct syntax is : sound 2,(note,duration)
The note can be any value from 0 to 127 (0 is silent)
The duration can be any value from 0 to 255, each number is a multiple of 10milliseconds. For example 100 will last one second
Typical programme with sound
main:
high 0
high 1
low 4
sound 2,(120,30)
low 0
high 4
sound 2,(60,30)
goto main

22.
DETAIL DESIGNING
PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 2
We can also use the sounder on output 2 to provide simple music
The correct syntax is : tune 0, 2,(note,note,note…)
Unless you are a composer it is best to download tunes from this link
and paste them into your programme
Typical programme with music

23. DETAIL DESIGNING main: If pin3=1 then flashred goto main flashred:
PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 3
The PIC chip circuit has one input. These are the two wires
When these wires touch or connected through a switch the PIC chip can sense it.
One of the wires is connected to pin3 of the PIC and the other joins the positive of the battery.
When the wires touch pin3 becomes ‘1’ otherwise pin3 is ‘0’
main:
If pin3=1 then flashred
goto main
flashred:
high 0
wait 3
low 0
Do the wires touch? If so go to flashred
Loop: to check all the time
Task:
Type this programme into Programming Editor and download it into your PICAXE circuit.
Next part of the program
Turns on the red LED
Keeps LED on for 3 seconds
Turns off the red LED
Goes back to the start

24. Write a programme that does these things.
DETAIL DESIGNING
PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 3
Task:
One possible solution to the steady hand game would be to have a tune play and the LEDs light up when you touch the puzzle wire with the handle wire.
Write a programme that does these things.
Some useful commands
high
low
tune
if.....then
wait
pause
goto

25. Here is one possible correct solution The tune is ‘Hen Wlad fy Nhadau’
main:
if pin3 = 1 then flash
goto main
flash:
high 0
high 1
high 4
tune0,2,($22,$26,$24,$22,$29,$27,$26,$02,$02,$6B,$41,$C2,$27,$29,$26,$22,$64,$E6,$64,$E2,$E9,$C2,$29,$26,$22,$22,$21,$22,$E4,$29,$29,$29,$66,$67,$E9,$02,$02,$02,$6B,$41,$C2,$27,$29,$26,$22,$64,$E6,$64,$E2)
low 0
low 1
low 4
Make sure you understand the role of each command in the programme

26. Quiz DETAIL DESIGNING PROGRAMMING in PICAXE BASIC – PART 3 Task:
You now have enough knowledge to write a programme for your electronic toy design. Print out ideas and your final working solution. Annotate the ideas to explain what you are doing.
There are many lines in this programme. Go through each one and describe what each one does. Then describe what should happen when you run the programme in your PIC circuit