1. 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt System TheoriesThe SciencesElementsRandom

2. Systems The original source of most of the energy on Earth is the –A. oceans –B. forests –C. sun –D. food web

3. Systems C. sun

4. Systems An open system is a system in which energy and matter are exchanged with the environment. Which of the following is not an open system? –A. the atmosphere –B. a bottle of water –C. a river –D. a fish bowl

5. Systems B. a bottle of water

6. Systems When meteorologists watch clouds form, they are –A. creating theories –B. forming conclusions –C. conducting experiments –D. gathering observations

7. Systems D. gathering observations

8. Systems The boundary within the Earth between the crust and the lithosphere is known as the –A. Moho –B. rim –C. core –D.mantle

9. Systems D. mantle

10. Systems Which of the following describes Earth as a closed system? –A. The amount of energy in the system is constant –B. energy is transferred to and from Earth but matter is not –C. energy is neither created nor destroyed in the Earth system –D. both energy and matter are exchanged with Earth’s system

11. Systems B. energy is transferred to and from Earth but matter is not

12. Theories Which of the following is NOT an example of a hypothesis that can be tested with an experiment? –A. nonliving things do not grow and develop –B. lipids do not mix with water –C. plant cells contain DNA –D. rocks do not need a place to live

13. Theories D. rocks do not need a place to live

14. Theories Which of the following best descibes a scientific theory? –A. A statement of fact –B. An explanation that is consistent with all extensive tests and observation –C. a limited explanation that explains some observations –D. A collection of observations linked by a common theme

15. Theories B. An explanation that is consistent with all extensive tests and observations

16. Theories An oceanographer tracks ocean currents, noting how materials are transported from one place to another. A biologist uses this information to predict the movement of oil spill by a tanker. This is an example of –A. experimentation –B. a scientific law –C. scientist keeping information private to protect research funding –D. how the study of earth science might contribute to the survival of the biosphere

17. Theories D. how the study of earth science might contribute to the survival of the biosphere

18. Theories The German scientist Alfred Wegner hypothesized that the Earths continents slowly drifted over millions of years to their present locations. Which of the following could NOT have been used to support this hypothesis? –A. chemical analysis of rocks –B. photographic record of ancient landmass –C. scale models –D. analysis of coastlines

19. Theories B. photographic record of ancient landmass

20. Theories Imagine that a scientist consistently finds that an experiment produces data that disagrees with a hypothesis. What should the next step be? –A. modify the hypothesis and retest –B. discard the hypothesis –C. continue to conduct the same experiment –D. conduct a new experiment with more predictable results

21. Theories A. modify the hypothesis and retest

22. The Sciences A scientist who studies the motions of the planets is a(n) –A. Oceanographer –B. Meteorologist –C. Astronomer –D. Geologist

23. The Sciences C. Astronomer

24. The Sciences An environmental scientist would be most concerned with –A. how mountains form –B. predicting hurricanes –C. analyzing pollution levels –D. observing animal populations

25. The Sciences C. analyzing pollution levels

26. The Sciences Water, land, clouds, and the atmosphere absorb most solar radiation. What happens to most of the remaining radiation? –A. the energy is destroyed –B. the energy is reflected back into space –C. the energy is absorbed by plants and animals –D. the energy is converted by photosynthesis

27. The Sciences C. the energy is absorbed by plants and animals

28. The Sciences The part of an experiment that can be changed by the person conducting the experiment is called the –A. independent variable –B. control group –C. hypothesis –D. dependent variable

29. The Sciences B. control group

30. Sciences The four main branches of Earth science are –A. geology, paleontology, meteorology, and astronomy –B. geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy –C. chemistry, geology, astronomy, and climatology –D. geology, oceanography, physics, and sociology

31. Sciences B. geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy

32. Elements Which one of the following elements is stored in the Earth in buried animal and plant remains? –A. iron –B. nitrogen –C. carbon –D. phosphorus

33. Elements C. carbon

34. Elements Phosphorous, carbon, and nitrogen all return to the Earth through what processes? –A. reflection and radiation –B. combustion –C. Erosion and run-off –D. animal excretion and decomposition

35. Elements D. animal excretion and decomposition

36. Elements The process of nitrogen fixing in soil involves –A. nitrogen being created by photosynthesis –B. bacteria in soil that chemically alter nitrogen –C. the conversion of CO2 into carbohydrates –D. the flow of nitrogen through underground channels

37. Elements B. bacteria in soil that chemically alter nitrogen

38. Elements What can happen when water vapor in the atmosphere looses energy? –A. the vapor condenses in to clouds or rain –B. it heats and disperses –C. the water evaporates –D. a tornado forms

39. Elements A. the vapor condenses in to clouds or rain

40. Elements What process is responsible for transfer of matter and energy in the asthenosphere? –A. convection –B. radiation –C. the carbon cycle –D. the phosphorus cycle

41. Elements A. convection

42. Random Why is Earth’s interior warmer then the surface? –A. solar radiation is being lost due to absorption –B. cooler materials sink into the Earth, cooling its interior –C. the sun is cooling down –D. there is radioactive decay and compression in the Earth, which heats its interior

43. Random D. there is radioactive decay and compression in the Earth, which heats its interior

44. Random What is the source of energy that generates weather and climate patterns on Earth? –A. solar radiation –B. volcanic eruption –C. radioactive decay –D. gravitational pull of the sun and the moon

45. Random D. gravitational pull of the sun and the moon

46. Random What is the solid part of Earth called? –A. biosphere –B.atmosphere –C.hydrosphere –D. geosphere

47. Random D. geosphere

48. Random The amount of inprecision in an experiment is known as –A. scale –B. model –C. error –D. value

49. Random C. error

50. Random About 2/3 of the Earth is covered by –A. the mojo –B. the crust –C. trees –D. oceans

51. Random D. oceans