1. Chapter 3 Section 2 Religions of the Middle East

2. Monotheism Belief in one supreme God

3. Judaism

4. Judaism (Jewish) Oldest of the 3 religions Torah-Jewish Holy book –Tells early Jewish history –5 books of Moses Moses –Prophet –Revealed 10 commandments

5. Prosperous state under king Saul, David, and Solomon –Made the city of Jerusalem Diaspora –Spreading of Jewish people outside of the holy land

6. Holocaust –The murder of 6 million Jews in the 1940’s –Scapegoat Blamed for peoples troubles Believe God will send a Messiah or savior

7. Holidays –Rosh Hashanah New Years –Yom Kippur Most sacred holiday-Holiest day 24 hours of prayer and fasting Day of Atonement First practiced by a small group of people called Israelites.

8. Christianity

9. Largest religion Believe Jesus is the Messiah Study the Bible –Old testament books of Moses –New Testament Teachings of Jesus

10. The Bible

11. Christianity Constantine made Christianity official religion of Rome in 300 A.D. Crusades –Popes and Kings organized to capture the city of Jerusalem According to the Christian calendar, AD 1 is the year Jesus was born.

12. Holidays –Christmas-birth of Jesus –Palm Sunday-Jesus rode into Jerusalem –Good Friday-Jesus died on the cross –Easter Sunday-Jesus rose from the dead

13. Islam

15. Islam (Muslim) 2 nd largest religion Call god Allah Believe Muhammad is prophet Quran is the holy book 3 holy cities –Makkah (Mecca)-pilgrimage made to this city –Medinah –Jerusalem

16. Five pillars of Faith 1.State beliefs in faith-There is no God but god and Muhammad is The messenger 2. Pray 5 times a day 3. Give to charity 4. Fast (no food or drink) 5. Hajj –Visit the holy city once

17. The Five Pillars of Faith

18. Hajj

19. Holidays –Ramadan Fast sunrise to sunset