1. Class # 8 Spine & Back Muscles

2. Topics: 24 individual vertebrae: 7 Cervical 12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 1 Sacrum: 5 fused bones 1 Coccyx: 4 fused bones

3. Topics: Vertebral spinous processes and transverse processes Spinous process: always posterior Transverse process: 2 projections out of sides

5. Topics: Scapula Landmarks: Spine: Root of spine (11) Acromion process/ Lateral end (3) Coracoid process (4) Suprascapular notch (15) Supraglenoid tubercle (9) Infraglenoid tubercle (8)

8. Topics: Occipital bone (EOP) External Occipital Protuberance (p.2) Temporal bone (mastoid process) (p.235) Clavicle(p.4) Humerus (bicipital groove)(p.6-6)

9. Muscles of the back: Trapezius (p.69TG) O:EOP Ligamentum nuchae(EOP to Sp.C7) Sp. C7-T12 I:Lateral Clavicle Acromion process(upper) Spine of scapula-middle Root of spine of scapula-lower A:Bilaterally upper- Extension of head and neck Unilaterally upper- Lateral flexion of head and neck to same side. Elevation and upward rotation- scapula Retraction- Middle scapula Depression and upward rotation- lower scapula

10. Muscles of the back: Latissimus dorsi O: Thoracolumbar aponeurosis(flat sheet of connective tissue) Lower 6 thoracic Spinous processes Sacrum/Iliac crest Last 3 ribs Inferior angle of scapula (covering most of the axillary border)

11. Muscles of the back: Latissimus dorsi I: Bicipital groove of the humerus(medial lip) A: Medial rotation Adduction Extension of humerus at shoulder joint

12. Muscles of the back: Teres Major O: Inferior angle of scapula Lower third of axillary border of scapula I: Medial lip of bicipital groove A: Medial rotation Adduction Extension of humerus at shoulder joint

13. Muscles of the back: Teres Major performs the exact same actions as latissimus dorsi, together can be called “ handcuff muscles ”. (brings your arms into arresting position)

21. The End! Here is your class assignment

24. Great Job! Quiz next class on back muscles Have a great day