1. Bell Ringer

2. Europe Culture The student will describe the interaction of physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary Europe. a. Describe the location of major physical features and their impact on Europe. c. Analyze the importance of Europe’s coastal location, climatic characteristics, and river systems regarding population, economic development, and world influence. d. Describe the various ethnic and religious groups in Europe and the influence of geography on those groups and their major customs and traditions. e. Explain why Europe has a highly integrated network of highways, waterways, railroads, and airline linkages.

3. Irish/British Similarities Social life is often centered around local eateries (1) Pubs Popular sports include soccer, rugby, cricket (2) English is the main language (3) Some Irish speak Gaelic

4. Irish/British Differences Religious: United Kingdom/Great Britain: majority Protestant Republic of Ireland (independent): majority Catholic Northern Ireland: majority Protestant, large minority of Catholics

5. British v. Irish violence has occurred due to religious differences in Northern Ireland Violence caused formation of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) Clandestine armed unit of the Sinn Fein political movement Want British out of Northern Ireland Car bombings, assassinations, extortion, blow up businesses, etc.

6. U2 Bloody Sunday with Lyrics http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSY_WtC m6OQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSY_WtC m6OQ

7. London, England Largest city/capital of United Kingdom cultural & financial center of Europe Visitors can see historic buildings like: Buckingham Palace Big Ben Heathrow Airport-- one of the world’s busiest airports

8. English Chunnel 1994-- Runs beneath the English Channel Connects France & Great Britain Transports passengers/freight cargo Can drive your car onto the tunnel Problem: Muslim refugees looking for asylum go through the tunnel

9. St. Patrick At first the people of Ireland were pagans Pagans: people or community who were polytheistic 400s-- St. Patrick was captured by Irish raiders in England Held in slavery for 7 yrs before he escaped After his freedom, St. Patrick became a priest Asked to be sent back to Ireland to spread Christianity Date of St. Patrick’s Day (March 17) is the believed date of St. Patrick’s death

10. France France has a strong cultural identity unified by language & religion Majority religion is Roman Catholic gov’t spends money to promote French culture & language Food: Crepes, cheese

11. France vs the U.S. In the past, France/U.S. have long, friendly relationship Some French people worry that the American culture has too much influence Believe traditional French culture has been ruined by American fast food, media, slang https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gSU7K2n emc (2 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gSU7K2n emc

12. Paris, France Considered to be a primate city one that ranks 1 st & dominates a country in terms of population & economy center of the fashion world Major tourism industry

13. Germany Language: German Religion: Protestant/Lutheran Known for hearty/heavy meals bratwurst, wiener schnitzel German people characteristics: hard working, on time, well educated

14. Autobahn Federally controlled-access highway in Germany No federally mandated speed- limit Speed limits may be enforced in urban areas 7,912 miles long Construction began in the 1920’s, continued through the rule of Hitler w/ additions made throughout the years

15. Benelux Countries Benelux Countries include: The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg Dutch & Flemish (dialect of Dutch) are the main languages Brussels, Belgium Europe’s most cosmopolitan city Cosmopolitan city: one that is characterized by many foreign influences Antwerp, Belgium --- major diamond industry Belgium chocolate popular

18. Spain Main religion: Roman Catholic Main feature of many Spanish towns is a plaza Serve as social gathering places Most Spanish speak Castilian Spanish Castilian Spanish is derived from a region around Madrid Moorish influences can be seen in Spain Moors were a group of Islamic people from North Africa that occupied Spain for about 800 years Seen in architecture

20. Italy Main religion: Roman Catholic Birthplace of the Renaissance: French word meaning “rebirth Describes the renewed interest in learning that spread throughout Europe from the 1300’s- 1500’s Time period was important b/c: it had the development of a specific style of architecture, painting, sculpture, music, literature, etc. Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael