1. Airport Lighting, Markings and Sign Systems
MSA 613 Airport Operation Safety

2. Advisory Circular AC 150/5340-1K Standards for Airport Markings
AC 150/ F
Standards for Airport Sign Systems
AC 150/ F
Design and Installation Details for Airport
Visual Aids

3. What Are Markings, Lights, and Signs?`

4. Runway Markings WHITE Runway Landing Designator Marking
Runway Centerline Marking
Runway Threshold Marking
Runway Side Strip Marking
Runway Aiming Point Marking
Runway Touchdown Zone Marking
Runway Displaced Threshold Marking
Chevron Markings For Blast Pads, Stopways, and EMAS
Holding Position Marking
WHITE

5. Runway Landing Designator Marking
Identifies a runway end
Consists of a single number or two numbers
When parallel runways exist, the number(s) are further supplemented with a letter
The whole number nearest the one-tenth of the magnetic azimuth along the runway centerline

6. Runway Landing Designator Marking
two parallel runways: “18L,” “18R”
three parallel runways: “9L,” “9C,” “9R”
four parallel runways:
“32L,” “32R,” “33L,” “33R”
five parallel runways: “13L,” “13R,” “14L,” “14C,” “14R” or “14L,” “14R,” “13L,” “13C,” “13R”
six parallel runways:
“8L,” “8C,” “8R,” “9L,” “9C,” “9R”
seven parallel runways:
“8L,” “8C,” “8R,” “9L,” “9C,” “9R,” “10”

7. Runway Landing Designator Marking

8. Runway Centerline Marking
Identifies the physical center of the runway width
Provides alignment guidance to pilots during takeoff and landing operations
Consists of a line of uniformly spaced stripes
and gaps and of uniform width

9. Centerline Marking

10. Runway Threshold Marking
Commences 20 feet (6 m) from the actual start point of runway threshold
Closely identifies the actual beginning point of the runway threshold used for landings
Consists of a pattern of longitudinal stripes
Uniform dimensions spaced symmetrically about the runway centerline

11. Threshold Marking

12. Runway Side Strip Marking
Provides enhanced visual contrast between the runway edge and the surrounding terrain or runway shoulders and delineates the width of suitable paved area for runway operations
Consists of two parallel stripes placed along
each edge of the usable runway

13. Side Strip Marking

14. Runway Aiming Point Marking
Provides a visual aiming point for landing
operations
Consists of two conspicuous rectangular markings
located symmetrically on each side of the runway centerline

15. Aiming Point Marking

16. Runway Touchdown Zone Marking
Identifies the touchdown zone along a precision runway
Consists of symmetrically arranged pairs of
rectangular bars in groups of one, two, and three along the runway centerline

17. Runway Touchdown Zone Marking

18. Runway Displaced Threshold Marking
Includes a runway threshold bar and
arrowheads with and without arrow shafts

19. Chevron Markings For Blast Pads, Stopways, and EMAS
Identifies paved blast pads, stopways, and EMAS in relation to the end of the runway

20. Holding Position Marking
Prevent aircraft and vehicles from entering into critical areas
Control traffic at the intersection of taxiways
PATTERN A
PATTERN B
PATTERN C

21. Holding Position Marking: Pattern A

22. Holding Position Marking: Pattern B

23. Holding Position Marking: Pattern C

24. SURFACE MARKINGS FOR TAXIWAYS

25. Taxiway Markings
Taxiway Centerline Marking
Enhanced Taxiway Centerline Marking
Taxiway Edge Marking
Taxiway Shoulder Marking
YELLOW

26. Taxiway Centerline and Enhanced Taxiway Centerline Markings
Provides pilots continuous visual guidance to
permit taxiing along a designated path
Enhanced Taxiway Centerline Marking
Provides supplemental visual cues to alert pilots of an upcoming runway holding position marking (Pattern A)
Minimizing the potential for runway incursions

27. Taxiway Centerline and Enhanced Taxiway Centerline Markings

28. Taxiway Edge Marking
Used to delineate the taxiway edge from the shoulder and to define the edge(s) of a taxi route

29. Taxiway Shoulder Marking
Identify shoulders that are not intended for use by aircraft

30. Signs
MANDATORY INSTRUCTION SIGNS
LOCATION SIGNS
BOUNDARY SIGNS
DIRECTION SIGNS
DESTINATION SIGNS
RUNWAY DISTANCE REMAINING SIGNS
INFORMATION SIGNS
VEHICLE ROADWAY SIGNS

31. Mandatory Instruction Signs
WHITE inscription with a black outline on a RED background
Provide instructions that MUST BE OBEYED
Denote
Taxiway/runway intersections
Runway/runway intersections
Instrument Landing System (ILS) critical areas
POFZ boundaries
Runway approach areas
CAT II/III operations areas
No entry areas

32. Mandatory Instruction Signs
Holding Position Sign for Taxiway/Runway Intersections

33. Mandatory Instruction Signs
Holding Position Sign for CAT II/III Operations

34. Mandatory Instruction Signs
No Entry Sign

35. Location Signs
Identify the taxiway or runway upon which the aircraft is located
A location sign has a YELLOW inscription with a yellow border on a BLACK background

36. Boundary Signs
Identify the boundary of the RSA/OFZ or ILS critical area
BLACK inscription on a YELLOW background

37. Direction Signs
Indicate directions of other taxiways leading out of an intersection.
BLACK inscriptions on a YELLOW background
Contain ARROWs

38. Direction Signs
Taxiway Direction Sign

39. Destination Signs
BLACK inscription on a YELLOW background and always contains an arrow
Indicates the general direction to a remote location
Where taxiway location signs and direction signs alone would not adequately guide to the destination

40. Vehicle Roadway Signs

41. BLACK inscription on a YELLOW background, Provide special information
Information Signs
BLACK inscription on a YELLOW background,
Provide special information
VOR Receiver Checkpoint Sign

42. Runway Distance Remaining Sign
Provide distance remaining information to pilots during takeoff and landing operations
The inscription is a WHITE numeral on a BLACK background

43. Taxiway Direction Signs and Taxiway Location Sign

44. Surface Painted Gate Destination Signs
Used, when necessary, to assist pilots in locating their assigned terminal gate

45. Lighting Systems Runway Edge Lights Threshold/Runway End Lights
Stopway Edge Lights
Runway Centerline Lights
Touchdown Zone Lights
Taxiway Centerline lights
Taxiway Edge Lights
Stop Bars and Runway Guard Light
Airport Rotating Beacons
Approach Lighting Systems (ALS)
Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI)

46. Runway Edge Lights
Runway edge lights emit WHITE light
Except in the caution zone, (not applicable to visual runways) which is the last 2,000 feet (610 m) of runway or one-half the runway length, whichever is less
In the caution zone, yellow lights are substituted for white lights

47. Runway Edge Lights

48. Threshold/Runway End Lights
Emit GREEN light outward from the runway
Emit RED light toward the runway
The green lights indicate the landing threshold to landing aircraft
The red lights indicate the end of the runway, both landing and departing

49. Threshold/Runway End Lights

50. Stopway Edge Lights
The stopway edge lights emit unidirectional RED light in the takeoff direction of the runway

51. Runway Centerline Lights
Located along the runway centerline
White light
Alternating red and white lights are installed, starting with red from 3,000 feet (900 m) to 1,000 feet (300 m) from the runway end, and red lights are installed in the last 1,000 foot (300 m) portion

52. Runway Centerline Lights

53. Touchdown Zone Lights
Consists of 2 rows of transverse light bars located symmetrically about the runway centerline
Each light bar consists of 3 unidirectional lights facing the landing threshold

54. Touchdown Zone Lighting

55. Taxiway Centerline lights
Provide taxi guidance between the runway and apron areas
Taxiway centerline lights are GREEN

56. Taxiway Edge Lights Define the lateral limits of the taxiway
The taxiway edge lights emit blue light, and edge reflectors reflect BLUE

57. Stop Bars and Runway Guard Light
Runway Guard Lights
Provide a visual indication to anyone approaching the runway holding position: unidirectional YELLOW lights
Stop Bars
Provide a distinctive "stop" signal to anyone approaching a runway: unidirectional in-pavement RED lights and an elevated red light on each side of the taxiway

58. Stop Bars and Runway Guard Light

59. Airport Rotating Beacons
Rotate the beacon to produce alternate CLEAR and GREEN flashes of light
The main purpose is to indicate the location of an airport

60. Approach Lighting Systems (ALS)
Provide visual information runway alignment, height perception, roll guidance, and horizon references
Depend on runway category

64. Approach Lighting Systems

65. Approach Lighting Systems

66. Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI)
Provides visual approach slope information
Provides a definite white and red light projection pattern along the desired descent path to the touchdown point

67. Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI)

68. Other Markings, Lights, and Signs
AC 150/5340-1K
Standards for Airport Markings
AC 150/ F
Standards for Airport Sign Systems
AC 150/ F
Design and Installation Details for Airport
Visual Aids

69. Thank You