1. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 1 Under Pressure NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic October 3, 2009 Dr. David G. Haase Professor of Physics NC State University david_haase@ncsu.edu

2. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 2 Overview Event Description General event rules Overview of the subject matter Resources Examples of questions or activities Time for Questions

3. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 3 Event Description Students will demonstrate their knowledge and skill related to the physics of fluids. Experimental tasks and questions including calculations

4. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 4 Under Pressure New event about the properties of liquids and gases Not being used in Nationals Replaces Physics Lab C Division B (middle school) and Division C (high school)

5. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 5 General Event Rules Teams of two 50 minutes Combination of questions and activities May bring non-programmable calculator and one (1) 8.5 x 11 in page of notes front and back. Students must bring and wear goggles during the event. No other resource materials or electronic devices allowed Where appropriate, materials data will be supplied, e.g. the density of a certain solid. No caustic or flammable liquids will be used in this event Disclaimer: In all disputes the rules published on the NCSO web page are the controlling authority.

6. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 6 Content Matter Liquids and gases Density = mass/volume Floating and sinking

7. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 7 Content Matter Pressure P = Force/area Atmospheric pressure Pressure as a function of depth in a liquid P = ρ g h Barometer

8. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 8 Content Matter Bernoulli’s Principle: P 1 + (½)ρ v 1 2 + ρ g h 1 = P 2 + (½)ρ v 2 2 + ρ g h 2 Buoyancy Buoyant Force F buoyant = ρVg Archimedes principle

9. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 9 Content Matter Pascal’s Principle Hydraulic and pneumatic devices

10. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 10 Content Matter Charles’s Law (law of volumes) Boyle’s Law

11. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 11 Content Matter Surface tension Capillary action Thermal expansion in liquids (Why do icebergs float?) Viscosity and viscous forces

12. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 12 Resources Physics: Principles and Problems http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078458137/ http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078458137/ Conceptual Physics by Paul Hewitt http://www.conceptualphysics.com/ http://www.conceptualphysics.com/ MIT Open Courseware – Physics of Fluids http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/hs/physics/g/index.htm http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/hs/physics/g/index.htm High School Physics Lab http://hsphysicslab.blogspot.com/ http://hsphysicslab.blogspot.com/ The comPADRE Digital Library http://www.compadre.org/ http://www.compadre.org/ Physical Sciences Resource Center http://www.compadre.org/psrc/

13. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 13 Fluid Activities Measure the density and determine the composition of an unknown object using Archimedes method Predict whether an object will sink or float Measure the rate of air flow with a water manometer made with clear plastic tubing Design and aluminum foil boat that can flow at a certain amount of mass Calculate the amount of water displaced by a floating object

14. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 14 Fluid Activities Straw and potato Demonstrate how to blow out a candle with Bernoulli effect Measure the relative densities of two liquids Predict the water pressure needed to fill a tank

15. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 15 Fluid Activities Estimate the weight of an automobile by measuring the tire tracks. Lift an object by inflating a balloon Measure or estimate the flow rate of liquid through a tube Calculate the pressure on a submerged object Measure the relative viscosity of two liquids Measure the compression of a gas under changes in temperature or pressure

16. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 16 Fluid Activities Design a hot air balloon to lift a certain weight Design a device to measure changes in pressure Observe a fluid phenomena and explain its physical basis Build a paper airplane or parachute

17. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 17 Conclusion Questions? How can we help you prepare? How are you going to coach your students for this event? Session evaluation

18. 9/7/09NC Science Olympiad Coaches Clinic 2009 18 Questions or Comments?

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