1. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
Sherer

2. Effective Dose Limiting System
The idea that exposure to radiation can/may induce cancer.
The result is that radiation protection guidelines are based on the possibility of getting cancer not some other effect.

3. Radiation Safety Program
All facilities must have a radiation protection/safety program in place.
Radiation Safety Committee
Radiation safety Officer (RSO)

4. Effective Dose Limiting System
Looks to establish the upper limit of exposure to ionizing radiation resulting in a negligible risk of injury or genetic defect.
Can be whole body, partial body (extremity, eye) and individual organs.
Non-stochastic (deterministic) and stochastic (probabilistic)
Occupational limits are based on comparing outcomes against other occupational hazards.

5. Radiation Induced Responses
Non-stochastic
Deterministic
Directly related to the dose received, threshold
Early
Erythemia
Decreased blood count
Epilation
Acute Radiation Syndromes (ARS)
Late
Cataracts
Fibrosis
Sterility
Organ atrophy

6. Stochastic Probabilistic
Mutational, non-threshold, randomly occurring, all or nothing
The greater the dose the greater the chance of the effect occurring. NOT is it going to occur.
Cancer and genetic effects

7. Basis for Effective Dose Limiting System
While we have already discussed the fact different forms have radiation have different effects (equivalent dose) some tissues are more sensitive than others.
Tissue weighting factor allows overall risk to be determined.

8. Occupational MPD 50 mSv or 5 rem annually Pregnant 0.5 mSv per month
5 mSv for the entire pregnancy

9. Public MPD 1 mSv or 0.1 rem or 100 mrem Educational exposure
1 mSv or 0.1 rem annually
Notice it is the same as the general public

10. Radiation Hormesis
The potential that small radiation exposure is actually beneficial.