1. Exponents and Powers
Power – the result of raising a base to an exponent. Ex. 32
Base – the number being raised to the exponent. Ex is the base
Exponent – the number the base is being raised to. Ex is the exponent

2. Example Problems
Simplify the following expressions. Write your answer in expanded and standard notations. 33 23 32 52
210

3. Exponents and Grouping Symbols
To evaluate powers involving grouping symbols:
(ab)2 = (ab)(ab) = a x a x b x b = a2b2
The power is applied to each value within the parenthesis.
(This applies only when there is one term in parenthesis raised to a power)

4. Example Problems
(ab)2
(7a2)3
(23b2c)3

5. Square Roots
Square root – the square root of a number x is a number y which when multiplied by itself (y2) is equal to x.
Perfect square – a number whose square root is a whole number. Example 9 = 3 x 3
Square root symbol (Radical Symbol)- the symbol used to denote square root.
Number that I want the square root of
Square root symbol

6. Example Problems
Evaluate each square root. You may use a calculator.