2. When should we use simple present? Facts, things that are always or generally true. Facts, things that are always or generally true. It always rains in Scotland. It always rains in Scotland

3. Water boils at 100ºC General truth

4. The sky is blue

5. Polar bears don’t live in hot places. They live in the North Pole. For situations that are more or less permanent

6. (permenant state) The atmosphere is the air that is wrapped all around a planet. that is wrapped all around a planet.

7. The atmosphere is thicker close to the ground and gradually gets thinner as you go further out into space. (permenant state)

8. The present simple is also used for: General truths or laws of nature The sun sets sets in the west.

9. The moon moves moves around the earth. (law of nature)

10. Simple Present FORM Affirmative Subject + verb* + complement Subject + verb* + complement Water boils at 100ºC * We add an s /es in 3rd person singular You like hot weather

11. Subj+do not / does not+verb+comp. (don´t) (doesn´t) Water doesn´t boil at 100ºC Water doesn´t boil at 100ºC Simple Present FORM Simple Present FORMNegative You don´t like cold weather

12. Do / Does +subject + verb + complement? Do you like cold weather ? Does water boil at 100ºC ? Simple Present FORM Interrogative

13. Let´s see the Third Person Singular Verbs: Rules Ad d –s to the verbs Read: reads Play: plays Come: comes Like: likes Work: works

14. Verbs ending in –s, sh, ch, x, o add es Pass: passes Wash: Washes Fix: fixes Go: goes

15. Verbs ending in –y followed by consonant, change ‘y’ to ies Study: studies Fly: flies Dry: dries Cry: cries

16. Read: She reads story books everyday. Play: He plays soccer on Sundays. Come: Maria comes to school by car. Like: Marcus likes to listen to music. Work: Pedro works for Mabel Factory. Live: Lúcia lives in Jardim Olímpico.

17. Pass: Kris passes me the salt, please. Wash: Carlos Washes his car on Sundays. Fix: Mat fixes his bike when it breaks. Go: Susy goes to the club at the weekend. Do: Mary does her homework at 3:00 p.m. Watch:: Lucius watches TV every night.

18. Study: He studies English downtown. Fly: Andrea flies her model plane. Dry: Silvia dries her clothes at home. Cry: Anthony cries for his girlfriend.

19. The troposphere (be) the layer closest to the earth, and it is the layer in which we (live). It is about ten miles deep. Seventy five percent of the mass of all our atmospheric molecules (be) in the troposphere, and this is where we (find) water vapor, dust, pollen, and soot particles. In the troposphere, the air (cool) gradually as it (get) further from the earth. At the very top of this layer the air temperature (be) about 76 degrees below zero on the Fahrenheit scale. This is important, because it (change) water vapor into ice, forming the cold trap, a temperature region where water vapor (stop) going up. The stratosphere (lie) above the troposphere. It is about twenty miles deep. The stratosphere (contain) about 24% of the mass of all the atmospheric molecules. This layer (have) the ozone layer in it. The ozone layer (protect) all life on earth from the harmful and potentially even lethal ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun. The lower part of the stratosphere is cold, but it (warm) up as it (get) farther from the earth. Verbs: Identify simple present is live is find coolsgets is changes stops lies contains hasprotects warms gets

20. What can you / he /she do if it … rains ? rains ? is sunny / is very hot / very cold ? is sunny / is very hot / very cold ? windy ? windy ? snows / is snowing ? snows / is snowing ? Copy sentences in your notebook

21. WATCH TV WALK PLAY VOLLEYBALL LISTEN TO THE RADIO PLAY THE PIANO WAIT FOR THE BUS GO TO SCHOOL RUN SLEEP DO HOMEWORK REPAIR THE CAR READ If it ….., I / he /she can …

22. POSITIVENEGATIVEQUESTION § I watch TV. § You watch TV. § He watchesTV. § She watches TV. § It watches TV. § We watch TV. § You watch TV. § They watch TV. § I don´t watch TV. § You don´t watch TV. § He doesn´t watch TV. § She doesn´t watch TV. § It doesn´t watch TV. § We don´t watch TV. § You don´t watch TV. § They don´t watch TV. § do I watch TV? § Do you watch TV? § Does he watch TV? § Does she watch TV? § Does it watch TV? § Do we watch TV? § Do you watch TV? § Do they watch TV? General pattern

23. positive I lovestay at home when it rains. Youenjoy swimming if it is sunny. He flies a kite if it is windy. She throw snowballs when it snows. It rain a lot in Scotland. We watch TV every Saturday. You slide down the hills when it snows. They go for a walk if it is warm. s s

24. negative Ilove stay at home when it rains. You enjoy swimming if it is sunny. He fly a kite if it is windy. She throw snowballs when it snows. It rain a lot in Scotland. We watch TV every Saturday. You slide down the hills when it snows. They go for a walk if it is warm. doesn´t don’t don’t doesn’t don’t don’t don’t

25. questions Do I you enjoy swimming if it is sunny? Does he fly a kite if it is windy? Does she throw snowballs when it snows? Does it rain a lot in Scotland ? Do we watch TV every Saturday? Do you slide down the hills when it snows? Do they go for a walk if it is warm ? love stay at home when it rains ?

26. always usually often sometimes never Simple present is usually used with FREQUENCY ADVERBS

27. Frequency adverbs are most commonly used : Before the main verb It always rains in Scotland. It sometimes snows in Madrid. They never swim in winter After verb to be It is often very cold in London. It is usually very rainy in Galicia Now think & write sentences in your note book using these adverbs