1. Reducing footprint while maintaining profit Pierre Beukes, Kevin Macdonald, Chris Glassey

2. Introduction What did the Pastoral 21 trial in the Waikato achieve? –Large reductions in environmental footprint –Maintained production and profit per hectare How did we do this?

3. N leaching reduced by 40-50% Decrease N inputs ( 100 kg/ha) More efficient use of inputs Lower urinary N onto paddocks Stand cows off paddock Remove urinary N Gains from pasture protection and effluent spreading

4. Production per hectare maintained More production per kg liveweight ( 0.88 vs 0.73) –Fewer cows ( 0.6 cows/ha) –More days in milk ( 20 days) –Better genetics helps Good pasture management –Sharp on residuals and quality –Judicious use of N fertiliser

5. Profit maintained Stand off costs can be high –Look for cheaper alternatives Gains from saved inputs –Fewer cows, fewer inputs –Lower replacement rate ( 18 vs 22%) Money

6. Environment Production and Profit

7. Take-home message Holding production & profit while lowering N leaching is possible There is no silver bullet – we need a combination of strategies Lower N inputs Stand-off Greater per cow production Lower replacement Pasture management

8. Questions Pastoral 21 is a collaborative venture between DairyNZ, Fonterra, Dairy Companies Association of New Zealand, Beef + Lamb NZ and the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment