1. Lecture # 10
Knitting Elements and Basic Knitting Structures

2. Knitting Elements
Needle
Sinker
Cam
Feeder
Winder

3. Needles

4. Needle Parts Stem – Used to hold the course of old loops
Hook – The hook is used to catch a thread and form loops.
Rivet – Holds the latch in place and allows it to pivot.
Latch – The latch combines the task performed by the presser bar and the beard of the bearded needle.
Butt – The butt enables the movement of the needle to be controlled by a cam mechanism.  A track raises and lowers the needle.
Tail – Used to provide support to the needle.

5. Needle History
Matthew Townsend, a Leicester hosier, patented the latch needle in 1849. 
Townsend spent much of his time developing new knitted fabrics and he investigated a simpler way of knitting purl fabrics. 

6. Sinkers

7. CAMS
Knit Cams
Tuck Cams
Miss Cams

8. Yarn Feeder

9. Cylinder, Dial and Flat Bed
Parts of machine to hold needle
Determines the gauge of the machine

10. Fabric Winder To pull fabric downward
To wrap it on a bar or to make laps of fabric
Limited weight
Traditionally it was up to 30 kg but today more than 120 kgs is possible

11. Basic Four Knitting Structures
Plain
Rib
Interlock
Purl

12. Technical Front

13. Technical Back

14. Plain Structure

15. Rib Structure

16. Purl Structure

17. Interlock Structure

18. Lecture # 11
Flat Knitting Machines

19. Flat knitting ---- Needle bed is flat

21. Single bed and double bed flat knitting machines
Production
Collars, arm bands
Sweaters
Rib
Gloves
For more information:

22. Gauge
3 to 14
3 to 10 for sweaters
12 to 14 for collars and cuffs

23. Main characteristics Strong grip in fine gauge
Soft feel in course gauge
Loose structure
Easy designing
Multi colors
Slow production

24. Conti---
Easy to operate
Width up to 70 inches

25. Significance of Flat Knitting Machines
Part of main body
Garment in flat knitted fabric
Sweaters

26. Production 400 collars per day Collar length is 3 to 4 inches
In fabric form 40 to 50 meters
Width 4 to 80 inches

27. Machines arrangements
Number of feeders 2 to 14
Jacquard
Transfer
Manual
Automatic
Machine Specification

28. Quality Parameters Gauge Width Length Number of stitches
Knitting fault
Oil problem
Edges uneven

29. Carriage Moving Taking all cams and feeding system
Change of cam with in carriage
Change of yarn with the help of change of feeder
Movement restriction

30. Costing
Per piece
Per kg

31. Lecture 12 Circular Knitting
Most Common Machines

33. Types of circular knitting machines
Single knit
Double knit
Fleece
Stripe
Jacquard
Plush
Terry

36. Main Parts Yarn feeding system Needle and sinker bed Fabric winder
Power transmission
Lubrication
Control panels

37. Yarn Feeding
Creels

38. Combi Creel

40. Fan Creel

42. Filter Creel

44. Yarn Feeding

46. Elastic Yarn Feeder

48. Lubricants

50. Uniwave

52. Knitting Cylinders

55. For more details http://www.memminger-iro.de/