1. The Palestine Mandate: Background HIST 4339

2. Outline Zionism Arab nationalism Britain’s conflicting promises Structure of empire Post-WWI events

3. Palestine Region Before World War I 80% Muslim 10% Christian 8% Jewish

4. Zionism Modern political movement for Jewish state in Palestine Reaction to European anti-Semitism —1880s pogroms in Russia >>>Bilu Manifesto —1894 Dreyfus Affairs in France >>>Herzl’s The Jewish State (1896)

5. Zionism Jewish disillusionment with assimilation, conviction of need for own homeland

6. Arab Nationalism George Antonius as scholar-advocate – Favored pan-Arabism over pan-Islam – The Arab Awakening (1938) 1916: Arab uprising against Ottoman rule

7. Britain’s Conflicting Promises 1915-16 McMahon-Hussein Correspondence 1917 Balfour Declaration British attempt to play both sides?

8. Structure of Empire Result of imperial structure? (IO, CO, FO, Cabinet, PM) —Antonius (397): “the British right hand was sometimes completely ignorant of what the left hand had done or was about to do.”

9. Focus of British Empire in West Asia Effort to resolve conflicting promises Exacerbation of existing religious/ethnic tensions

10. Postwar Events 1919: Feisal-Weizmann Agreement 1920: Jewish-Arab violence in Palestine

11. Postwar Events Churchill’s post-Cairo Conference attempts to allay Arab fears: Jewish national home in Palestine would be “good for the world, good for the Jews, good for the British Empire, but also good for the Arabs who dwell in Palestine... They shall share in the benefits and progress of Zionism.”