1. Ashley Hodge MBA, CCP, FPP Medical University of South Carolina College of Health Professions

2. “Nothing seems to bring as much clarity to the function of sleep as spending a night without it.” -William Killgore

3. “Sleep Loss”Resident restrictionsAviation / transportation

4.  1896 – Patrick and Gilbert  First report of decreased response time  2004- Frey et al.  Arithmetic

5.  Time-on-task (Lim and Dinges, 2008)  Psychomotor vigilance  Progressive worsening exacerbated during fatigue  Single night of sleep loss  “Wake State Instability” (Doran et al., 2001)  Inhibiting neurobiological systems  Individual Differences  Age

6.  Hand-eye tracking  Performances during sleep deprivation vs. Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC): 28 hours  17 hours: BAC 0.05%  After 24h wakefulness, corresponded to BAC 0.10%- Legal limit for intoxication

8. 68.9% worked greater than 23 hours 17.5% worked continuously over 36 hours Extended Work hours

10.  Using a mixed-methods design, the current study aims to determine the effect of acute sleep deprivation on perfusion students, during performance of clinically-relevant tasks utilizing high fidelity simulation.

11.  Mixed methods  Quantitative ▪ High Fidelity Simulation Tasks  Qualitative ▪ Survey ▪ Focus Groups

12.  n = 7  Senior Perfusion Students  Age: 22-37  Gender:  Male: 4  Female: 3

14. “2 cases per day leads to exhaustion” “I have nodded off while on CPB… could have caused an accident while on CPB” “Couldn’t remember if I fed my dog” Concerned about driving home

15. “I do not get to see my son” “I am irritable with my significant other” “I find myself venting or lashing out at loved ones because of fatigue” “Chronic Fatigue” “Weight gain/loss”

16. “Sleep all weekend” “I take naps daily” “Melatonin / 5 hour energy” -Room available

17. Exam dates Patient work- ups End time for activities

26.  Minute 1: Decrease in pO 2  Minute 2: Decrease in venous return  Minute 3: Ventricular Fibrillation  Minute 4: Protamine Dosage Calculation  Minute 5: Decrease in MAP

27. Baseline: 0600 12 hours: 1800 16 hours: 2200 24 hours: 0600 (day 2)

29. 24 hrs

36.  Sleep loss negatively impacts our participants interpersonal relationships, their health and mental well being and caused irritability in most cases  Over time, the self-assessed alertness decreased  Sleep loss affects performance over time, specifically high functioning cognitive tasks

37.  Discussion  Inactivity  Student participants  Sample size