1. Return Excel Basics 09 - 1 Microsoft Excel Basics Mathematical Operators & HierarchyMathematical Operators & Hierarchy - 2 ( ) Parenthesis pairs ^ Exponentiation * Multiply and / Divide + Addition and – Subtraction Z-Statistic Calculation - 3 Square Root - 7 Standard Error Calculation - 7 Z-Statistic Calculation Square Root Standard Error Calculation Lesson 09 Mathematical Operators (More Complicated Formula)

2. Return Excel Basics 09 - 2 Mathematical Operators Creating formula to handle calculations is necessary to create effective business worksheets. Formula can take on many forms: Mathematical, Statistical, Logical, Financial, etc. Excel has many built in functions to handle many situations; however, the ability to build a formula with the proper syntax is important. The key mathematical operators are ( ) Parenthesis pairs ^ Exponentiation * Multiply and / Divide + Addition and - Subtraction Excel caries out mathematical calculations in the hierarchy shown above. A calculator is necessary when checking mathematical formula converted to Excel.

3. Return Excel Basics 09 - 3 Converting … Mathematical to Excel One of the first things we need to know is how to convert mathematical formula to an Excel formula. You will recognize this Z-Statistic formula. Mathematical formula Excel formula are quite different since all of the equations have to be typed on one line. We have two options for the above formula: Which one do you think is correct. Let’s look at some calculations. Excel Option 1: Excel Option 2:

4. Return Excel Basics 09 - 4 Converting … Mathematical to Excel Because correct formula are critical, care should be taken every time you create one in Excel. The Golden Rule is to test the formula with some simple numbers to ensure your Excel formulation is correct. Let’s calculate Z when X=5, M=1 and S=2. First, Mathematically

5. Return Excel Basics 09 - 5 Converting … Mathematical to Excel Let’s calculate Z when X=5, M=1 and S=2. First, Excel Option 1:Excel Option 2: The Excel calculation hierarchy is why Option 2 is correct! ( ) Parenthesis pairs ^ Exponentiation * Multiply and / Divide + Addition and - Subtraction

6. Return Excel Basics 09 - 6 Create this formula and save it as F02-Calculate Z Statistic Note : The Formula Toolbar for cell A2

7. Return Excel Basics 09 - 7 Converting … Mathematical to Excel Let’s look at a little more complicated formula using the Excel square root function. The formula calculates the Standard Error for large samples from two populations. Mathematical formula Excel formula

8. Return Excel Basics 09 - 8 Applying the Golden Rule (test the formula with some simple numbers), let’s calculate S when S1=3, N1=30, S2=5, and N2=50. Mathematically Converting … Mathematical to Excel

9. Return Excel Basics 09 - 9 Converting … Mathematical to Excel Let’s calculate S when S1=3, N1=30, S2=5, and N2=50. Excel

10. Return Excel Basics 09 - 10 Create this formula, set the decimal place accuracy for cell A2 to 4 and and save it as F03-Calculate Standard Error 2 Populations Note : The Formula Toolbar for cell A2