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Published byEleanore Bradford Modified over 9 years ago
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The Basics of Science Why does it matter?
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Matter Anything that takes up space and has mass
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Atom The basic unit of matter The smallest particle of an element having the chemical properties of the element
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Elements A substance made up of only one type of matter –See Periodic Table of Elements
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Molecules The result of two or more atoms combining by chemical bonding. –you cannot break it into smaller pieces and keep the same properties Examples –H2O–H2O–H2O–H2O –CO 2 –NaCl
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Subatomic Particles Protons –Have a positive charge (+) –Part of Nucleus Neutrons –Have a neutral charge (O) –Part of the Nucleus Electrons –Have a negative charge (-) –“float” around the Nucleus
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Mass How much “stuff” (matter) there is in an object We use a Balance to find Mass –Triple Beam Balance
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Volume How much space something takes up –If it is regular shape you can use mathematical formula Length x Width x Height –If it is irregular, you can use the displacement of water to tell the volume of the shape Example in beaker
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States of Matter Solid highly compacted molecules, definite shape, definite volume, definite mass. liquid molecules are more spread out, does NOT have a definite shape (it takes the shape of its container), definite volume, definite mass Gas molecules are really spread out, does NOT have a definite shape (takes the shape of its container), does NOT have a definite volume.
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Density The amount of matter in a given space. (Mass per unit volume) Compares mass to volume
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If the mass stays the same… If the mass stays the same, but volume decreases, then density increases. –Same amount of stuff into smaller area If the mass stays the same, but volume increases, then density decreases. –Same amount of stuff into larger area
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If volume stays the same.. If the volume stays the same, but mass decreases, then density decreases. –Less stuff in the same amount of space If the volume stays the same, but mass increases, then density increases. –More stuff in the same amount of space
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Why should I care about Density? If an object’s density is HIGHER/ MORE THAN another object’s density then it will sink/fall/ go down under If an object’s density is LOWER/ LESS THAN another object’s density, then it will float/rise/ go up above
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