1. DEFENSIVE DRIVING SAFETY Presented by: Alfonso Contreras BHHC Vendor Greater Valley Safety Consulting

2. Agenda : Agenda : Introduction Introduction Key Statistics Key Statistics Defensive Driving Techniques Defensive Driving Techniques Fuel Efficiency Tips Fuel Efficiency Tips Question & Answer Session Question & Answer Session

3. Introduction: Definitions Definitions Accident - An unplanned, unavoidable event resulting in injury or property damage Accident - An unplanned, unavoidable event resulting in injury or property damage Collision - An event that is usually avoidable by one or more drivers. That is, one or more drivers FAILED apply every reasonable effort to avoid it. Collision - An event that is usually avoidable by one or more drivers. That is, one or more drivers FAILED apply every reasonable effort to avoid it.

4. Key Statistics 177,000,000 Drivers in the USA 177,000,000 Drivers in the USA 1 out of 3 persons will be involved in an accident 1 out of 3 persons will be involved in an accident Average 2,300,000 disabling injuries per year Average 2,300,000 disabling injuries per year Approximately 44,000 killed each year Approximately 44,000 killed each year ***120 deaths per day ***120 deaths per day ****$1,200,000,000 cost per year

5. Key Statistics James Dean James Dean Jayne Mansfield Jayne Mansfield Eddie Cochran Eddie Cochran Princess Diana Princess Diana Grace Kelly Grace Kelly Nick Adenhart Nick Adenhart What do these people have in common? What do these people have in common?

6. Key Statistics ALL WERE KILLED IN VEHICLE ACCIDENTS ALL WERE KILLED IN VEHICLE ACCIDENTS

7. Key Statistics Between 1992-2001: Between 1992-2001: 13,337 civilian workers died in roadway crashes 13,337 civilian workers died in roadway crashes An average of four (4) deaths per day in USA An average of four (4) deaths per day in USA Leading cause of workplace fatalities, making up 22% of all workplace deaths Leading cause of workplace fatalities, making up 22% of all workplace deaths *****SOURCE: National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH)

8. Key Statistics Work-Related Roadway Crashes 1992-2001 Types of Vehicles Occupied by Victims: Types of Vehicles Occupied by Victims: Semi-trucks 28% Semi-trucks 28% Automobiles 24% Automobiles 24% Pickup trucks 12% Pickup trucks 12%

9. Key Statistics Work-Related Roadway Crashes 1992-2001 Event and Worker Characteristics: Event and Worker Characteristics: 49% were collisions between vehicles 49% were collisions between vehicles 53% occurred between 7am and 4pm 53% occurred between 7am and 4pm 89% of fatally injured workers were male 89% of fatally injured workers were male Risk of fatality increased at age 55 and above Risk of fatality increased at age 55 and above

10. Key Statistics Work-Related Roadway Crashes 1992-2001 Industries in which Victims were Employed: Industries in which Victims were Employed: Transportation 33% Transportation 33% Services/Sales 14% Services/Sales 14% Construction 11% Construction 11%

11. Defensive Driving So, how does one avoid a vehicle accident???? So, how does one avoid a vehicle accident???? Recognize Hazards Recognize Hazards Understand the Defense Understand the Defense Act correctly and timely Act correctly and timely

12. These People Drive Among Us Moving Day…………..

13. These People Drive Among Us

14. Getting the Computer Home Safely…… Getting the Computer Home Safely……

15. These People Drive Among Us

16. Driving John Deere……………. Driving John Deere…………….

17. These People Drive Among Us

18. Defensive Driving To recognize the hazards, Scan the road in the city 1 block ahead or to the next intersection

19. Defensive Driving To recognize the hazards, Scan the road in the rural areas and Freeways long distances next hill or curve

20. In all cases, maintain traffic about you, checking side and rear view mirrors every 5 seconds. Be alert Be aware Be prepared No surprises

21. Defensive Driving Causal Factors for Accidents Causal Factors for Accidents Monotony Monotony Tight schedules Tight schedules Heavy traffic Heavy traffic Bad weather Bad weather After 2 - 4 hours of continuous driving, the CNS becomes fatigued, senses become dulled, and the level of perception is lowered. After 2 - 4 hours of continuous driving, the CNS becomes fatigued, senses become dulled, and the level of perception is lowered.

22. Defensive Driving Psychological Conditions Psychological Conditions Stress Stress Emotions Emotions Attitude Attitude REMEMBER- L.A. Traffic is the WORST in the nation!!!!!!!!! REMEMBER- L.A. Traffic is the WORST in the nation!!!!!!!!!

23. Defensive Driving Southern California Profile: Southern California Profile: 20 million people 20 million people Crowded Freeways & Streets Crowded Freeways & Streets Longest & Lengthiest Commutes in the USA Longest & Lengthiest Commutes in the USA ANGRY & FRUSTRATED DRIVERS ANGRY & FRUSTRATED DRIVERS

24. Defensive Driving Tips to Reduce Driving Hazards: Tips to Reduce Driving Hazards: Do not guarantee arrival times Do not guarantee arrival times Routes must be planned with time considerations Routes must be planned with time considerations Frequent ongoing vehicle inspections Frequent ongoing vehicle inspections Keep up regular vehicle maintenance schedules Keep up regular vehicle maintenance schedules

25. New Cell Phone Law Effective July 1, 2008 Effective July 1, 2008 Prohibits use of hand-held cell phone to ear while driving Prohibits use of hand-held cell phone to ear while driving First violation from $20-76 First violation from $20-76 Second violation from $50-190 Second violation from $50-190 Will appear on driving record Will appear on driving record Insurance rates may go up with repeat violations Insurance rates may go up with repeat violations Text messaging prohibited Text messaging prohibited

26. Fuel Efficiency Tips *Information directly from US Dept of Energy *Information directly from US Dept of Energy Eliminate Aggressive Driving Eliminate Aggressive Driving No Speeding-Stay at posted speed limits No Speeding-Stay at posted speed limits No Rapid Acceleration or Braking No Rapid Acceleration or Braking Less wear and tear on vehicles Less wear and tear on vehicles Fuel Economy Benefit: 5-33% Fuel Economy Benefit: 5-33% Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.20-$1.35 per gallon Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.20-$1.35 per gallon

27. Fuel Efficiency Tips Observe the Speed Limit Observe the Speed Limit Gas mileage usually DECREASES at speeds above 60mph Gas mileage usually DECREASES at speeds above 60mph Every 5mph above 60 mph= an extra $0.30 cost per gallon of gas Every 5mph above 60 mph= an extra $0.30 cost per gallon of gas Fuel Economy Benefit: 7-23% Fuel Economy Benefit: 7-23% Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.29-$0.94 per gallon Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.29-$0.94 per gallon

28. Fuel Efficiency Tips Remove Excess Weight Remove Excess Weight An extra 100 lbs in vehicle reduces MPG by 2% An extra 100 lbs in vehicle reduces MPG by 2% Remove extra or unnecessary tools & materials Remove extra or unnecessary tools & materials Reduce theft potential Reduce theft potential Fuel Economy Benefit: 1-2% per 100 lbs Fuel Economy Benefit: 1-2% per 100 lbs Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.04-$0.08 per gallon Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.04-$0.08 per gallon

29. Fuel Efficiency Tips Keep Engine Properly Tuned Keep Engine Properly Tuned Improve vehicle performance Improve vehicle performance Fuel Economy Benefit: 4% Fuel Economy Benefit: 4% Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.16 per gallon Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.16 per gallon

30. Fuel Efficiency Tips Check & Replace Air Filters Regularly Check & Replace Air Filters Regularly A clean air filter keeps impurities from damaging the inside of the vehicle engine A clean air filter keeps impurities from damaging the inside of the vehicle engine Fuel Economy Benefit: Up to 10% Fuel Economy Benefit: Up to 10% Equivalent Gas Savings: Up to $0.45 per gallon Equivalent Gas Savings: Up to $0.45 per gallon

31. Fuel Efficiency Tips Keep Tires Properly Inflated Keep Tires Properly Inflated Under-inflated tires lower gas mileage by 0.4% for every one (1) psi drop in pressure Under-inflated tires lower gas mileage by 0.4% for every one (1) psi drop in pressure Check pressure regularly to ensure proper tire inflation Check pressure regularly to ensure proper tire inflation Fuel Economy Benefit: Up to 3% Fuel Economy Benefit: Up to 3% Equivalent Gas Savings: Up to $0.13 per gallon Equivalent Gas Savings: Up to $0.13 per gallon

32. Fuel Efficiency Tips Use the Recommended Grade of Motor Oil Use the Recommended Grade of Motor Oil Using the wrong motor oil can lower gas mileage Using the wrong motor oil can lower gas mileage Look for motor oil that says “Energy Conserving” on the performance symbol Look for motor oil that says “Energy Conserving” on the performance symbol Fuel Economy Benefit: 1-2% Fuel Economy Benefit: 1-2% Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.04-0.08 per gallon Equivalent Gas Savings: $0.04-0.08 per gallon

33. Other Fuel Efficiency Tips Avoid Excess Idling: Large engines waste more gas idling Avoid Excess Idling: Large engines waste more gas idling Use Cruise Control: Helps maintain a constant speed on highways and saves gas Use Cruise Control: Helps maintain a constant speed on highways and saves gas Use Overdrive Gears: Vehicle engine speed goes down, saving gas and reducing engine wear Use Overdrive Gears: Vehicle engine speed goes down, saving gas and reducing engine wear Plan out routes BEFORE driving Plan out routes BEFORE driving

34. Question &Answer Session Any questions? Any questions? Thank you for your interest!!!!!! Thank you for your interest!!!!!! DRIVE SAFELY DRIVE SAFELY