1. siemens.com© Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Haptic information for reliable displays Marc Burkhardt, Birgit Milius, Damaris Dose / RHF2015 September 2015

2. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 2Mobility Division Humans have a multitude of senses – why only use one? reliable information needed in critical situations to guarantee safety usually shown as visual information human has different senses Is it possible to use other senses and thus increase safety? tablet pc / smartphone offer direct interaction visual, haptic and audible information  more natural than desktop PCs

3. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 3Mobility Division Idea of haptical information in a reliable display development of a reliable display on the basis of haptic and audible information operator compares visual with haptic and/or audible information no complex electronic system needed operator detects faults on a display better interaction than using a mouse kind of visual, haptic and audible information depends on situation simple is better data processing signaling system touchscreen

4. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 4Mobility Division Possible scenario working areas maintainer has to check activated possessions or temporary speed restrictions touched tracks on tablet screen give e.g. haptic feedback if possessions or restrictions are set safety-related auxiliary operator actions signalman checks e.g. track occupations all not occupied tracks give e.g. haptic feedback

5. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 5Mobility Division Which combination is best? differences between various feedback modalities? possible problems: audible: noisy environment influences audible information haptic: intensity of haptic feedback audible+haptic: asynchronicity  studies are useful two studies about multisensory signal combinations: game: “Bees and Flowers” simulation: “Operator Workstation”

6. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 6Mobility Division „Bees and Flowers“ task: detection and report of erroneous bee and flower symbols symbols needed to be touched participants played 30 levels two test settings: test 1: 46 participants, foyer test 2: 21 participants, office beeflower report buttons CorrectWrong Beesignalno signal Flowerno signalsignal

7. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 7Mobility Division „Bees and Flowers“ device emits the following signals (depending on the configuration): vibration buzzing sound vibration and buzzing sound additional symbol (only in office environment) two possible failure types detection failure (failing to detect an erronous symbol) false alarm (falsely reporting a correct symbol) relative frequencies of both failure types were reported

8. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 8Mobility Division „Bees and Flowers“ results no significant differences results had no normal distribution haptic and combined haptic & acoustic feedback was slightly superior some participants developed a fast pace sometimes error was reported after moving on to the next signal report of an error had to be immediately.  a lot of detection failures some participants had problems with the background noise intensity of the haptic feedback

9. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 9Mobility Division Operator Workstation Simulation error report button red signal task: detection and report of erroneous red signals red signals needed to be touched no feedback from red signal  error report button three runs with different feedback modes (acoustic, haptic, haptic + acoustic) 12 participants in quiet environment all three different feedback modes were tested each test took 4 minutes after test: questionnaire recording a subjective assessment of the different feedback modes

10. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 10Mobility Division Operator Workstation Simulation no significant differences small variations between different feedback modes (no consistent ranking) users preferred haptic and combined feedback modes to the acoustic mode some had difficulties selecting the signal symbols (too small display) some noted that the sound was very slightly delayed

11. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 11Mobility Division Conclusion studies have shown that the idea works to use a variation of feedback modes to reveal mistakes on a display potential users tended to prefer a haptic or combined haptic and acoustic signal over an acoustic signal alone possible sources of error and unintended influencing factors other factors not addressed here may also have affected the results not ascertained any significant difference in the effectiveness of the various feedback modes

12. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 12Mobility Division Thank you

13. 15/09/2015 © Siemens AG 2015 – All rights reserved. Page 13Mobility Division contact Marc Burkhardt Siemens AG Mobility Management Braunschweig Germany Dr. Birgit Milius Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Eisenbahnwesen und Verkehrssicherung Braunschweig Germany Damaris Dose Siemens AG Mobility Management Braunschweig Germany siemens.com/mobility marc.burkhardt@siemens.com tu-bs.de/ifev b.milius@tu-braunschweig.de siemens.com/mobility damaris.dose@siemens.com