1. Sensitized Material
Refers to the film and photographic paper that basically composed of emulsion containing silver halides suspended in gelatin and coated on a trasparent or reflective support

2. Parts of Sensitized Material
Emulsion
Part of the film or photographic paper which contains the silver grains that is sensitive to light
Colored films contain 3 layers of emulsion (blue, green, red) with intervening filters
Anti-Halation Backing
Designed to hold back the light and prevents halation
Base
Support the emulsion

3. Types of Film (According to Use)
Black and White Film
Usually represented by a prefix or a suffix “pan” or “ortho” and generally used in black and white photography
ex. ortholith, tri x-pan, pan x-plus
Colored Film
Negative Type
Reversal Type

4. Types of Films (According to Spectral Sensitivity)
Blue Sensitive Film
Sensitive to UV light up to blue color
Orthochromatic Film
Sensitive to UV light up to green color
Panchromatic Film
Sensitive to UV light up to red color (visible light)
Infra-Red Film
Sensitive to all colors and infrared light

5. Film Speed (Emulsion Speed)
ASA (American Standards Association)
Expressed in arithmetic value system
The higher the number, the more sensitive the film is
ASA 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1000
DIN (Deutche Industre Normen)
Expressed in logarithmic value system
Used in the same principle as the ASA (3 degrees)
DIN 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 30, 33
ISO (International Standards Organization)
Expressed in combination of ASA and DIN ratings

6. Photographic Paper
Sensitized material that will record the visible image in the final development and become the photograph

7. Types of Photographic Paper (According to Emulsion Used)
Silver chloride paper
Used for contact printing
Size of the positive print is the same as the size of the negative used.
Sensitivity to light is low and gives blue-black tones when properly developed
Silver bromide paper
Used in projection, printing and enlarging process.
Most ideal paper used in police photography.
Will give black tones when properly developed

8. Silver Chlorobromide Paper
Used for both projection and contact printing
Slow emulsion
Variable contract paper
Combines the contrast range in one paper
Uses a special chlorobromide emulsion that produces varying contrast responses upon exposure to different colors of light

9. Types of Photographic Paper (According to Physical Characteristics)
Weight
Light Weight
Designed for high flexibility and when paper thickness is not of consideration
Intended for purposes which involved folding
Single Weight
Used for small prints or which are needed to be mounted on solid fine details necessary in the production
Used in ordinary photographic purposes
Double Weight
Generally used for large prints because they stand up under rough treatment

10. Surface Texture Glossy Paper Semi-matte Paper Rough Paper
Designed for fine details and brilliant image formation
Semi-matte Paper
Obscure fine details
Rough Paper
Used for large prints or where breath rather than detail is necessary

11. Color White Paper Cream Paper Buff Paper
Better used in police photography
Cream Paper
Preferred for pictorial effect, portraits, landscapes or where warmth effect is desired
Buff Paper
Paper for tone prints

12. Types of Photographic Paper (According to Contrast)
Velox No. 0
Used for printing extremely contrast negative or expremely exposed film
Velox No. 1
Used for high contrast negative or over exposed film
Velox No. 2
Used for normal exposed film
Velox No. 3
Used for negative with weak contrast or underexposed film

13. Velox No. 4
Used to provide sufficient contrast to compensate for very thin or weak negatives
Useful imprinting if high contrast is desired
Velox No. 5
For flat negatives that are unprintable

14. Chemical Process
Process of making the latent image visible and permanent

15. Development Stop Bath Fixation Elon Hydroquenone
The process necessary for reducing the silver halides to form the image
Use either D-76, Dektol or Universal Solution
Elon Hydroquenone
Used as the main developing agent
Stop Bath
Normally composed of water with a little amount dilute acetic acid that serves as a means to prevent contamination between the developer and the acid fixer
Fixation
Process by which al unexposed silver halides are dissolved or removed from the emulsion surface and making the image more permanent
Sodium Thiosulfate (Hypo)
Main fixing agent that dissolves unexposed silver halides

16. Other Chemicals Used Acetic Acid and Boric Acid Sodium Sulfate
Serves as neutralizer
Sodium Sulfate
Serves as the preservative
Potassium Bromide (ALUM)
Restrainer or Hardener
Sodium Bicarbonate and Borax Powder
Serves as accelerator

17. Dark Room Techniques Dodging Cropping Vignetting
Process of eliminating unwanted portion of the negative during enlarging
Cropping
Process of omitting an object during the process of enlarging and printing
Vignetting
Gradual fading of the image towards the side through skillful adjustment on the dodging board

18. Dye Toning
Process designed in changing the color of the photograph
Burning-In
Refers to the additional exposure on a desired portion of the negative used for purposes of making a balanced exposure