1.  Learning Chapter 7

2.  Learning A relatively permanent behavior change due to experience http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=BHYLcNSZM9o&vq=small

3.  Learning How do we learn? Conditioning – the process of learning associations

4.  Learning Classical Conditioning

6.  Learning Classical Conditioning Pavlov’s Experiments

7. One of Pavlov's dogs, preserved at The Pavlov Museum Ryazan, Russia

8. Classical conditioning–a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events. http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=CpoLxEN54ho&vq=small#t=15

10.  Learning Classical Conditioning Major Phenomena

11. Acquisition The initial stage of learning when a neutral stimulus is linked to an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response.

12. Acquisition

13. Extinction The diminished (weakened) responding that occurs when the conditioned stimulus no longer signals an upcoming unconditioned stimulus

14. Extinction X

15. Spontaneous Recovery The reappearance of a weakened conditioned response after a pause

16. Generalization The tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses

17. Discrimination The learned ability to discriminate between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus

18.  Learning Classical Conditioning Extending Pavlov’s Understanding

19. Biological Predispositions John Garcia discovered that organisms are predisposed to learn associations that help them adapt and survive. Contrary to what many before Garcia believed, some associations are learned more readily than others. Courtesy of John Garcia

20. Biological Predispositions

21.  Learning Classical Conditioning Pavlov’s Legacy

22. Applications of Classical Conditioning Former drug users often feel a craving when they are again in the drug-using context—with people or in places they associate with previous highs. Thus, drug counselors advise addicts to change environment. Credit: Psychonaught

23. Applications of Classical Conditioning Former drug users often feel a craving when they are again in the drug-using context—with people or in places they associate with previous highs. Thus, drug counselors advise addicts to change environment.

24. Applications of Classical Conditioning Advertisers pair previously neutral stimuli (brands) with erotic images with the idea that the brand will itself elicit the same positive response as the image. Classical conditioning is the basis of the adage that “sex sells.” Ad from April 1921 National Geographic

25. Applications of Classical Conditioning

26. As demonstrated by John Watson, emotional responses can be understood as developing through classical conditioning. Watson conditioned an 11-month old infant named “Little Albert” to fear white rats. Brown Brothers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMnhyGozLyE

27. Applications of Classical Conditioning http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMnhyGozLyE

28. Acrophobia- Fear of heights.

29. Ophidiophobia- Fear of snakes.

30. Selachophobia- Fear of sharks.

31. Alektorophobia- Fear of chickens.

32. Coulrophobia- Fear of clowns.

33. Genuphobia- Fear of knees.

34. Pentheraphobia- Fear of mother-in-law.

35. Androphobia- Fear of men. (Fear of Fabio- Fabiophobia.)

36. Peladophobia- Fear of bald people.

37. Applications of Classical Conditioning http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=To3jujFzwHg

38. Applications of Classical Conditioning

39. Neutral Stimulus Prepotent Stimulus Unlearned Response Roller coaster (CS) Falling (UCS)Fear (UCR)

40. Neutral Stimulus Prepotent Stimulus Learned Response Acquisition Roller coaster (CS) Falling (UCS)Fear (CR)

41. Millennium Force (CS) Fear (CR)

42. Stimulus generalization—when a stimulus is similar enough to the CS to elicit the CR Fear (CR) Desperado (CS)

43. Stimulus discrimination—when a stimulus is not similar enough to the CS to elicit the CR Fear (CR)

44. https://picasaweb.google.com/kimberlyfenn/THEBULL?authkey=Gv1sRgCJPzju_HtYahKw&feat=email#5349131010288619042

47.  Learning Next time… Operant Conditioning