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OF AP PSYCH Part 1. - First to speculate on the nature of the mind and the concept of dualism.

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Presentation on theme: "OF AP PSYCH Part 1. - First to speculate on the nature of the mind and the concept of dualism."— Presentation transcript:

1 OF AP PSYCH Part 1

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3 - First to speculate on the nature of the mind and the concept of dualism

4 - The mind is not observable and not subject to natural laws -The mind of controls the body, while the body provides the mind with sensory input

5 -Began the school of thought known as empiricism (acquisition of truth through observations) - Used the Term Tabula Rasa (blank slate) which means all knowledge is gained through experience

6 -Only things that exist are matter and energy -Theories influenced the school of thought known as behaviorism

7 -Founder of the Science of Psychology -Opened first laboratory to study consciousness

8 - First U.S. Psychologist - Theory known as Structuralism, understanding the smallest parts of the mind will give greater understanding of the greater structure of the mind

9 - 1 st women to become President of the American Psychological Association

10 -American activist that lobbied for the rights of the mentally ill and led to the establishment of state-run mental institutions

11 -First President of the American Psychological Association

12 -First African American to receive a Ph.D. in Psychology

13 -First African American female to receive a Ph.D. in Psychology

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15 -Theory of Natural Selection -Evolutionary theory sets the stage by establishing behavior as observable and therefore subject to scientific scrutiny

16 -Researched areas in the brain associated with the ability to speak (frontal area of the left hemisphere of the brain) - Section of the brain renamed Broca’s area

17 -Researched the area of the brain associated with the ability to comprehend speech (rear area of the left temporal lobe) - Section of the brain named Wernicke’s Brain

18 - Researched that the two hemispheres of the brain can operate independently of each other -Split-Brain Research

19 - Leading researcher in cognitive neuroscience

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21 - Researched humans ability to see color -Theory that cones in the retina are activated by light waves associated with blue, red and green (all other colors are a blend of the three)

22 - Weber’s Law, which states the greater the magnitude of the stimulus the larger the difference must be to be noticed - Ex: For a 20 pound bowling ball, it needs to be a huge weight change rather than a small weight change to be noticed

23 -Founder of Psychophysics (relationship between stimulus and sensation)

24 -Discoveries in the field of information processing in the visual system

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26 -Psychoanalytic Approach -Conscious Mind vs. Unconscious Mind -Resolution of unconscious conflicts through uncovering repressed memories

27 - Theory known as REM rebound, REM sleep increases the more humans are deprived of sleep

28 -School of Thought known as Functionalism, Understand how the mind fulfills its purpose

29 -Researchers that studied REM sleep, discovered eyes move more vigorously during REM sleep

30 -Identified the stages that people tend to come to terms with dying (Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance)

31 - Leading researcher in the scientific study of lucid dreaming

32 -Researcher in the field of hypnosis

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34 -Behavoralist Approach -Landmark experiment (Pavlov’s Dog Experiment), identified the aspects of Classical Conditioning

35 - Behavoralist Approach -Applied Classical Conditioning theories to humans (Little Albert Experiment )

36 -Studied form of classical conditioning known as conditioned taste aversion -Animals are biologically conditioned to associate illness with foul smelling/looking food

37 - Behavoralist Approach - Developed the theories of Operant Conditioning (Skinner Box)

38 - Theory of Social Learning, or observational learning (Bobo Doll Experiment)

39 -Human Learning takes place by neurons forming new connections with one another or by strengthening ones that already exist

40 -Neuroscientist that researched long-term potentiation(LTP), which is that learning takes place at the neural level

41 -Experiments that researched the concept of Latent Learning, or learning that is not outwardly expressed until the situation arises -Cognitive component of learning

42 - Elementary learning processing

43 -Theory of connectionism (neural networks) and helped lay the scientific foundation for Modern Educational Psychology

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45 -Experiments with short-term visual memory, or Iconic memory

46 - Concept of an innate language acquisition device, which helps in the development of language in children

47 -Theory of Linguistic Relativity, in which speakers of different languages develop different cognitive systems as a result of their differences in language and culture

48 -Experiments addressing the concept of insight, sudden understanding of a problem or problem solving ability -Thinking “outside the box”

49 - One of the Founding Fathers of Gestalt Psychology

50 -Experimental study of memory and developed the learning curve (learned knowledge graph)

51 -Researcher in the field of human memory (misinformation effect and eyewitness memory

52 -Pioneer in the field of Cognitive Psychology (average number of 7 in short-term memory)

53 - Focused on the psychology of prediction and probability judgment ( ambiguity aversion)

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55 -Researched the reward centers of the brain (located in the hypothalamus) -Biological reasoning for motivation

56 -Tasks of moderate difficulty bring about the highest level of performance -Tasks too easy or too hard elicit the lowest levels of performance

57 - Motivation is based on individual differences and varying environments

58 - Environmental stimuli cause physiological changes and responses Stimulus Physiological Response Experience Of Emotion

59 -Physiological response and the experience of emotion occur simultaneously to the stimulus Stimulus Physiological Arousal Experience of Emotion

60 - Two Factor Theory, the emotion that we experience is a result of the cognitive label that - individual’s apply to it Stimulus Physiological Arousal Cognitive Appraisal Experience of Emotion

61 - Fight or Flight Response, in relation to coping with stress

62 -Cognitive Theory of how we respond to stress (evaluates whether the event appears to be stressful and if one can handle it)

63 -Pioneer in the study of emotions and their relation to facial expressions (atlas of emotions)

64 - Work in the field of Comparative Psychology (Opponent-process theory of emotion)

65 - Developer of the Mere Exposure effect


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