1. 1.Nora Hassan Otoom. 2.Noor abd al- Rahman Jodeh 3.Yasmeen abd al-Hakeem Dawod. 4.Reema Gameel Bader. THE PAST Miss Kafa Batarseh First secondary.A

2. In this presentation we are going to show you one of the tenses which is the Past and all of its types.

3. We use the Past Tense to talk about something happened in the past and completed.

4. Past Perfect PastPresentFuture This is the way how the tenses change from the past perfect to the future.

5. PastPresent - I liked your friends. - You loved your father. - He washed his hand. - I like your friends. - You love your father. - He washes his hands. Notice :- That in the words doesn’t and didn’t the stress falls on the first syllable. Simple Past The form :- Subject + Verb(P) + Object

6. Notice :- Notice how the Past Tenses are pronounced : /t/ /d/ /id/ -lick licked - love loved -accept accepted -like liked - play played - want wanted -wash washed In the first group of verbs, the sound /t/ was added. In the second group of verbs, the sound /d/ was added. In the third group of verbs, the sound /id/ was added. It is important to pronounce these endings correctly.

7. This is the way by which the Present Tense is turned into the Past Tense. Some verbs change their form in the Past Tense. The examples you have already read in this lesson are : Buy bought. Come came. Eat ate. Go went. Sell sold. Write wrote.

8. Exercise :- Change the following sentences from the Present to the Past :- 1. My brothers eats quickly. 2. She rides horses very well. 3. Does my mother bake me any cakes ? 4. We accept your invitation. 5. My teacher asks me many questions in class. Click here to see the solution

9. 1. My brother ate very quickly. 2. Did my mother bake me ant cakes ? 3. She rode horses very well. 4. We accepted your invitation. 5. My teacher asked me many questions in class. The solution :-

10. Past Continuous The Past Continuous form means that the action mentioned was happening at a particular time in the past. The form of the verb made with –ing, called past continuous * FOR EXAMPLE : I was eating … He was listening … They were walking … The form :- Subject + Aux + Verb(ing) + Object

11. Joining We can join two sentences. One Past Continuous and the other Simple Past by ( when – while ). *For example :- - John was buying a book when I saw him. - I was playing in the park when he came. - Was I reading correctly when you heard me ?

12. Notice :- That some verbs change their spelling, but not their pronunciation, when-ing is added. Here are some of them : Come coming. Begin beginning. Drive driving. Run running. Have having. Sit sitting. Live living. Swim swimming. Move moving. Take taking. Die dying. Write writing. Lie lying.

13. Exercise :- Change the verbs in brackets to the the Past Continuous form and read the sentences :- 1. I (walk) to school at 7 o'clock. 2. He (drive) his car very early in the morning. 3. They (wait) for me then. 4. I (open) the door at that moment. 5. We (read) the story at the same time. Click here to see the Solution

14. The solution :- 1. I was walking to school at 7 o'clock. 2. He was driving his car very early in the morning. 3. They were waiting for me then. 4. I was opening the door at that moment. 5. We was reading the story at the same time.

15. Past Perfect The Past Perfect tense is used when the action mentioned was completed before a particular time in the past and some effect of it was noticeable at that time. *FOR EXAMPLE :- John : when did the teacher ask for the homework ? Peter : At 3 o'clock. John : Wasn’t that early ? Peter : Yes, it was. But I had written it by then. The form :- Subject + Had + Verb(P.P) + Object

16. Peter’s last sentence means that (a) He wrote the home work before 3 o'clock, and (b) He was early to give it to the teacher when he asked for it at 3 o'clock. To form this tense we use the Past tense of the verb to have followed by the past participle of the verb as we mentioned. - I had eaten my breakfast by the time you came. - He had written his homework by 3 o'clock. - We had started our work when the bell rang.

17. NOTE :- the Past Participle of go it sometimes gone and some times been. We generally say he has gone if he has not yet returned ; he has been if he has already returned. Most verbs in English have the same form for the Past tense and the Past Participle. * FOR EXSAMPLE :- PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE Like liked liked love loved loved sit sat sat

18. A few verbs have different forms for the Past tense and Past Participle :- * FOR EXAMPLE :- PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE Am(is,are) was(were) been Give gave given Choose chose chosen Speak spoke spoken

19. Joining We can join two sentences. One Past Perfect and the other Simple Past like the following. Read the following sentences : ( the first happened before the Past ). 1. He left the school. -He had left the school when she 2.She asked about him. asked about him. 1. You read the book. - You had read the book when I lent you. 2.I lent it to you. 1. She cooked the meal. - She was ready to her guests 2. She was ready to her guests. because she had cooked the meal.

20. Exercise :- Change the following sentences to the Past Perfect tense :- 1. She looked at me twice. 2. I gave him his books. 3. The captain played well. 4. My teacher spoke to us about you. Click here to see the solution

21. The solution :- 1. She had looked at me twice. 2. I had given him his books. 3. The captain had played well. 4. My teacher had spoken to us about you.