1. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Prepared by: Sharina Hadji Manan Johara T. Udtog

2. [Gk. Hormao instigate], are chemical messenger produced in one part of the body that controls the activity of other parts.

3. Steroid Hormone Derivatives of the Amino Acid Tyrosine Proteins or Peptides

4. PRINCIPAL ENDOCRINE GLANDS AND HORMONES IN THE BODY

5. Hypothalamus Endocrine Gland: Hypothalamus Hormone Released: Hypothalamic - releasin & release- inhibiting hormones Target Tissues/Organs: Anterior pituitary Function(s) of Hormones: Regulate anterior pituitary hormones

6. Posterior pituitary Endocrine Gland: Posterior pituitary Hormone Released: Antidiuretic (ADH) Target Tissues/Organs:Kidneys Function(s) of Hormones: Stimulates water reabsorptionby kidneys Stimulates water reabsorption by kidneys

7. Posterior pituitary Endocrine Gland: Posterior pituitary Hormone Released:Oxytocin Target Tissues/Organs: Uterus, mammary glands Function(s) of Hormones: Stimulates uterine muscle construction, release of milk by mammary glands

8. Anterior Pituitary Endocrine Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormone Released: Thyroid-stimulating (TSH) Thyroid-stimulating (TSH) Target Tissues/Organs:Thyroid Function(s) of Hormones: Stimulates thyroid hormone Synthesis and secretion

9. Anterior Pituitary Endocrine Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormone Released: Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) Target Tissues/Organs: Adrenal cortex Function(s) of Hormones: Stimulates adrenal cortex

10. Anterior Pituitary Endocrine Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormone Released: Gonadotropic [follicle-Gonads stimulating (FSH),luteinizing (LH) Gonadotropic [follicle-Gonads stimulating (FSH),luteinizing (LH) Target Tissues/Organs:Gonads Function(s) of Hormones: Egg and sperm production and sex hormone production

11. Anterior Pituitary Endocrine Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormone Released: Prolactin (PRL) Target Tissues/Organs: Mammary glands Function(s) of Hormones: Milk production

12. Anterior Pituitary Endocrine Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormone Released: Growth (GH) Target Tissues/Organs: Soft tissues bones Function(s) of Hormones: Cell division, protein synthesis and bone growth

13. Anterior Pituitary Endocrine Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormone Released: Melanocyte- stimulating (MSH) Target Tissues/Organs: Melanocytes in skin Function(s) of Hormones: Unknown function in humans regulates skin color in lower vertebrate

14. Thyroid Endocrine Gland: Thyroid Hormone Released: Thyroxine (T4) and triidothyronine (T3) Target Tissues/Organs: All tissues Function(s) of Hormones: Increase metabolic rate; Regulates growth and development

15. Parathyroid Endocrine Gland: Parathyroid Hormone Released: Parathyroid (PTH) Target Tissues/Organs: Bones, kidneys, intestine Function(s) of Hormones: Raises blood calcium level

16. Thyroid Endocrine Gland: Thyroid Hormone Released:Calcitonin Target Tissues/Organs: Bones, kidneys, intestine Function(s) of Hormones: Lower blood calcium level

17. Adrenal cortex Endocrine Gland: Adrenal cortex Hormone Released: Glucocorticoids (cortisol) Target Tissues/Organs: All tissues Function(s) of Hormones: Raises blood glucose level; stimulate breakdown of protein

18. Adrenal cortex Endocrine Gland: Adrenal cortex Hormone Released: Mineralocorticoids (cortisol) Target Tissues/Organs: All tissues Function(s) of Hormones: Reabsorb sodium and excrete potassium

19. Adrenal cortex Endocrine Gland: Adrenal cortex Hormone Released: Sex hormones Target Tissues/Organs: Gonads, skin, muscles, bones Function(s) of Hormones: Stimulate reproductive organs and bring about sex characteristics

20. Adrenal medulla Endocrine Gland: Adrenal medulla Hormone Released: Epinephrine and norepinephrine Target Tissues/Organs: Cardiac and other muscles Function(s) of Hormones: Emergency situations; raise blood glucose level

21. Pancreas Endocrine Gland: Pancreas Hormone Released:Insulin Target Tissues/Organs: Liver, muscles; adipose tissues Function(s) of Hormones: Lower blood glucose level; promotes formation of glycogen

22. Pancreas Endocrine Gland: Pancreas Hormone Released:Glucagon Target Tissues/Organs: Liver, muscles; adipose tissues Function(s) of Hormones: Raises blood glucose level

23. Testes Endocrine Gland: Testes Hormone Released: Androgens (testosterone) Target Tissues/Organs: Gonads, skin, muscles, bones Function(s) of Hormones: Stimulate secondary male sex characteristics

24. Ovaries Endocrine Gland: Ovaries Hormone Released: Estrogens and progesterone Target Tissues/Organs: Gonads, skin, muscles, bones Function(s) of Hormones: Stimulate female sex characteristics

25. Pineal gland Endocrine Gland: Pineal gland Hormone Released:Melatonin Target Tissues/Organs:Brain Function(s) of Hormones: Circadian and circannual rhythms; possibly involved in maturation of sex organs