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FMP10 Chapter 3
Vocabulary

2. prime number List the all prime numbers less than 30
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prime number
List the all prime numbers less than 30
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29

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Is 1 a prime number?
Nope.
The first prime number is is the only even prime number.

4. multiples Write the first 12 multiples of 7
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multiples
Write the first 12 multiples of 7
7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84

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Factor
List the factors of 24
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24

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Factor pairs
Write all the factor pairs of 24. Note: a x b is the same as b x a
1 x 24
2 x 12
3 x 8
4 x 6

7. Prime factorization Factor 24 into its prime factors 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 or
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Prime factorization
Factor 24 into its prime factors
2 x 2 x 2 x 3 or
23 x 3

8. Composite number Give an example of a composite number
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Composite number
Give an example of a composite number
24, 12, … Any number that is not prime or
a whole number that has more than two factors

9. Factor tree Factor 60 using a factor tree
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Factor tree
Factor 60 using a factor tree
60 5 x x 4 x 3 5 x 2 x 2 x 3
It's an upside down tree

10. Factor tree for 60 The “leaves” become a list of prime factors
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Factor tree for 60 60 5 12 3 4 2 2
The “leaves” become a list of prime factors
60 = 5 x 3 x 2 x 2

11. Greatest common factor
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Greatest common factor
What is the greatest common factor of 12 and 30?
GCF(12, 30) = 6
Factors of
12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
30: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, appears in both lists & is the largest

12. Least common multiple What is the least common multiple of 12 and 20?
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Least common multiple
What is the least common multiple of 12 and 20? 60
Multiples of
12: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, ...
20: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, ...
Common multiples: 60, 120, 180, ...
60 is the lowest of the common multiples

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squaring
Find the square 9
92 = 81

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Square root
Find the square root of 4
4 = 2

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Rational number
Which number(s) are rational? 2, -2.1, 5, , ¼, 36,
2, -2.1, ¼, 36

16. Perfect cube Name the first 5 perfect cubes. 1, 8, 27, 64, 125
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Perfect cube
Name the first 5 perfect cubes.
1, 8, 27, 64, 125

17. Cube root What is the cube root of 64? 4 because 4 x 4 x 4 = 64
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Cube root
What is the cube root of 64?
4 because 4 x 4 x 4 = 64

18. radicand Name the radicand expression: 64
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radicand
Name the radicand expression: 64
The index would be 2 for the square root

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radical
Give an example of a radical.

20. Index What is an index of the radical?
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Index
What is an index of the radical?
It tells what root we are looking for:
Index 2 means square root
Index 3 means cube root
Index 4 means 4th root

21. Factor by decomposition
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Factor by decomposition
Huh?
New for Math 10
See Lesson 3.6

22. Perfect square trinomial
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Perfect square trinomial
Why is the following a perfect square?
4x2 + 12x + 9
It is perfect because
(2x + 3)2 or
(2x + 3)(2x + 3) = 4x2 + 12x + 9
cp: 9 is a perfect square because 3 x 3 = 9

23. Difference of squares Why is 4x2 – 9x2 called a difference of squares?
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Difference of squares
Why is 4x2 – 9x2 called a difference of squares?
Difference means subtraction
4x2 and 9x2 are squares, that is (2x)2 and (3x)2

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The end
Nov 2010