1. Fossil Fuels

2. Where does the name come from?????

3. 3 types:
Solid: Coal
Liquid: Oil
Gas: Natural Gas

4. Why do they have energy?
Carbon bonds

5. How do we release the Energy?
Burn them!!!!

6. For Each…. Formation Extraction Energy Production and Uses
Environmental Problems

7. Account for 90% of world energy consumption
40% Oil
24% Coal
22% NG

8. Coal

9. Coal Intro Cheapest and most polluting
Used for centuries but did not become dominant fuel until 18th century (replaced wood)
Fueled Industrial Revolution
US has ~25% of world’s coal
China has large deposits too

10. Remnants of…. Ancient PLANT material from SWAMPY LAND LEPIDODENDREN
SIGILLARIA

11. WHEN???
Carboniferous Period
mys

12. Needs….
Partial Decomposition
Time
Heat
Pressure

13. Terms
Moss
Peat
Lignite
Bituminous
Anthracite

14. Peat: “Pre-coal”; Low heat content
1. Lignite- Youngest; Largest portion; Lowest C content
Soft coal, brown-black in color, soft, woody texture
Moist & produces little heat
Often used in power plants
Found in Western states
2. Bituminous Coal (most common)
Also soft (but harder than lignite)
Dull to bright black with dull bands
Contains sulfur (which means…)
Produces lots of heat so used by power plants- most common
3. Anthracite or Hard Coal
Exposed to extremely high temps during formation
Burns most cleanly
Highest heat-producing capacity

15. Oil and Natural Gas

16. Intro
1940s:oil & ng become important (easier to transport and cleaner)
Distribution is uneven
Half of the oil: Persian Gulf
Half the ng: Russia & Iran
Exist on continental shelf
Usually discovered under structural traps (geological features that trap oil or ng)
Supplies will run out before coal

17. Remnants of….
Ancient AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC organisms

18. When????
Carboniferous Period

19. Needs…. Partial Decomposition Time Heat Pressure
Natural Gas= higher temperatures

21. Extraction of Fossil Fuels
How do we get them out of the ground????

22. Coal
Surface
Strip
Open Pit
Mountaintop Removal
Subsurface
Slope
Shaft

23. Strip

24. Open Pit

25. Mountaintop Removal
.com/the-colbert-report- videos/261997/january /coal-comfort--- margaret-palmer

26. Shaft

27. Slope

28. Problems?
Surface?
Ruins the Environment
Subsurface?
Dangerous

29. Oil and Natural Gas Drilling for petroleum (land or ocean)
Refine- separate
Drilling & Fracking
/watch?v=timfvNgr_Q4

30. http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=SeXG8K5_UvU
/watch?v=e_CcrgKLyzc&f eature=related

32. Uses

33. Energy Generation

36. Coal
Electricity Generation
Industrial Processes

37. Oil
Transportation
Fuels
Industrial Processes
Cement
Plastic
Heating

38. Natural Gas
Heating
Electricity

39. Environmental Problems
Concept Map Time
I will give you the pollutants- you link them to environmental issues

40. Coal: CO2, SO2, Hg
Oil: CO2, Nox
Natural Gas: CO2