1. GREAT MIGRATION CELTIC VENDEL PERIOD VIKING CAROLINGIAN OTTONIAN GREAT MIGRATION c. 400-550 CE CELTIC c. 500 BCE-1200 CE British Isles & parts of north, western & central Europe VENDEL PERIOD c. 550-800 CE SCANDANAVIA VIKING AGE c. 800-1100 CE SCANDANAVIA CAROLINGIAN PERIOD c. 768-877 CE OTTONIAN PEROD c. 919-1002 CE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE

2. MAP of Medieval Europe

3. NORSE MYTHOLOGY

4. 14-2 MIGRATION

5. LATE ROMAN EARLY BYZANTINE

6. Map of Celtic Britain

7. CELTIC ART CELTIC ART Celtic, pronounced Kel’-tik (from the Greek Κελτοι or Keltoi), is a term that encompasses cultures in the British Isles & parts of north, western & central Europe. Art forms are made in a variety of mediums and materials – metalwork, jewelry, illuminated manuscripts, shipbuilding, enameling, wood, leather, ivory, bone, antler, stone and more. Celtic art has been described thusly: “Its most outstanding characteristic is its eclecticism and variety,” at times borrowing from Greek, Eastern, Roman and Viking art. Some common design elements, motifs and terms are as follows: animal style – the use of animals as motifs, usually very decorative and abstract. Often limbs and other body parts are extended into complex interlaced designs, sometimes in combat. Often, the human figure is treated similarly. By contrast, when a naturalistic approach is attempted on either animal or human, it can leave the viewer wondering if the artist had ever witnessed his/her subject. chip carving – a technique of cutting metal into faceted surfaces, to reflect light, often in the form of reversed ‘pyramids’. True chip carving is rare; pseudo-chip carving, produced by casting, is more usual. filigree – very fine wire work, e.g. in the detail showing the dragon in the Tara Brooch. folio – the page of a manuscript. A page of vellum has two sides, recto (smooth) & verso (rough, hair side). Hiberno-Saxon or Insular – are terms used to describe works of this period made specifically in the British Isles. Hiberno refers to Ireland. horror vacui – “fear of empty space”; the characteristic of filling negative space with decoration. interlacing – interwoven linear design, A.K.A. ribbon interlace or over-and-under interlace. niello – a black paste (silver sulphide w/ copper) used as inlay. nomad’s gear – small, portable and functional objects of art. penannular – the term, meaning ‘an almost complete ring’, is used for circular brooches with a break in the hoop. However, the heavy terminals of so-called penannulars were sometimes fused, i.e. the hoop was made as an unbroken circle. Such brooches are referred to as ‘pseudo-penannular’. zoomorphic ornament – of animal form.

8. CELTIC

10. SUTTON HOO SUTTON HOO - CELTIC

11. SUTTON HOO SUTTON HOO - CELTIC

12. SUTTON HOO+ SUTTON HOO+ CELTIC

13. SUTTON HOO+ SUTTON HOO+ - CELTIC

14. SUTTON HOO+ SUTTON HOO+ CELTIC

15. 14-3 SUTTON HOO - CELTICSUTTON HOO

16. SUTTON HOO+ SUTTON HOO+ - CELTIC

17. SUTTON HOO SUTTON HOO - CELTIC

18. 14-4 CELTIC

19. INSULAR MAJUSCULE

20. 14-1 BOOK OF KELLS CELTIC

21. BOOK OF KELLS -CELTIC

23. Lindisfarne Gospels - CELTIC

24. 14-5 CELTIC (Hiberno-Saxon)

25. 14-19 VENDEL

27. VENDEL & VIKING

28. 14-20, 21 Oseberg Ship Burial VIKINGOseberg Ship Burial

29. VIKING

30. THE VIKINGS 1958

31. CAROLINGIAN PERIOD 768-877

32. 14-10 CAROLINGIAN

33. 14-11 CAROLINGIAN

34. 14-12 CAROLINGIAN

35. 7-26 San Vitale & 14-11 Palace Chapel

36. 14-13 CAROLINGIAN

37. 14-14 CAROLINGIAN

38. CAROLINGIAN

39. 14-16 CAROLINGIAN

40. 14-17 CAROLINGIAN

41. 14-18 CAROLINGIAN

42. OTTONIAN PERIOD OTTONIAN PERIOD c. 919-1002* CE Henry the Fowler (919-36) O tto I (936-73) 1 st Holy Roman Emperor Otto II (973-83) Otto III (983-96/996-1002)

43. 14-22, 23 & 24 OTTONIAN

44. 14-25 OTTONIAN

45. 14-26 OTTONIAN

46. 14-28 OTTONIAN

47. 14-30 OTTONIAN

48. LINKS AND SOURCES NORSE MYTHOLOGY CELTIC MYTHOLOGY SUTTON HOO SITE SUTTON HOO SOCIETY SUTTON HOO LINKS BRITISH MUSEUM (click compass, continue compass, type sutton hoo in search) THE MUSEUM OF NATIONAL ANTIQUITIES (Sweden) OSEBERG SHIP BURIAL Backhouse, Janet. The Lindisfarne Gospels. London: Phaidon, 1981. Harris, David.The Art of Calligraphy. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 1995. Kleiner, et al. Gardner’s Art Through The Ages. New York: Harcourt, 2001. Laing, J. & L. Art of the Celts. New York: Thames & Hudson, 1994. Meehan, Bernard. The Book of Kells. New York: Thames & Hudson, 1994. Mutherich & Gaehde. Carolingian Painting. New York: G. Braziller, 1976. Nordenfalk, Carl. Celtic and Anglo-Saxon Painting. New York: G. Braziller, 1977. Stokstad, Marilyn. Art History. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 2002. Suggested Movie: The Vikings, Kirk Douglas, 1958. (available at Blockbuster) NORSE MYTHOLOGY CELTIC MYTHOLOGY SUTTON HOO SITE SUTTON HOO SOCIETY SUTTON HOO LINKS BRITISH MUSEUM THE MUSEUM OF NATIONAL ANTIQUITIES OSEBERG SHIP BURIAL