1. Chapter 21:iv American Citizenship

2. Citizens persons who are represented and protected by the country’s government and owe their allegiance to the country

3. Subjects persons who owe their allegiance to a monarch or sovereign ruler

4. Nationals people who are protected by the government and owe allegiance to it but do not have the political rights of full-fledged citizens

5. Aliens citizens or subjects of one country who are living in another country

6. Characteristics of American Citizenship 1. A person must be born or naturalized in the U. S., -and- 2. a person must be subject to the laws of the U. S.

7. Ways one becomes an American citizen: 1. By right of birth, -or- 2. through the process of naturalization.

8. Citizens by birth 1. A person can be born a citizen by place of birth, -or- 2. they can be a citizen because they are born to parents who are citizens.

9. Citizenship by naturalization There are three methods of Naturalization: 1. by treaty 2. by act of Congress 3. by individual action

10. Reasons for emigrating to America religious freedom political freedom economic opportunity

11. Process of Naturalization applications or petitions for naturalization are filed with the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) aliens must meet certain requirements

12. Naturalization requirements Applicants for citizenship must: 1. have lawfully entered the U. S., 2. be at least 18 years old, 3. be able to read, write, and speak English, 4. have lived continuously in the U. S. for five years,

13. Naturalization requirements (continued) 5. believe in the principles of the Constitution, 6. Swear they are not members of a political party advocating the overthrow of the government, and 7. be of good moral character.

14. Loss of Citizenship Citizenship can be lost in one of two ways: 1. Upon conviction of treason -or- 2. expatriation