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Published byJosephine McDaniel Modified over 9 years ago
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Properties of Matter Physical Properties: Can be observed without changing a substance into another substance. Boiling point, density, mass, volume, etc. Chemical Properties: Can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance. Flammability, corrosiveness, reactivity with acid, etc. Section 1.3
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Intensive vs. Extensive Intensive Properties: Independent of the amount of the substance that is present. Density, boiling point, color, etc. Extensive Properties: Dependent upon the amount of the substance present. Mass, volume, energy, etc. Section 1.3
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Changes of Matter Physical Changes: Changes in matter that do not change the composition of a substance. Changes of state, crush, tear, break, dissolve Chemical Changes: Changes that result in new substances. Combustion, oxidation, decomposition, etc. Section 1.3
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Chemical Reactions In the course of a chemical reaction, the reacting substances are converted to new substances. Section 1.3
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Chemical Reactions Compounds can be broken down into elemental particles. Section 1.3
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Separation of Mixtures Since mixtures are physically mixed together, many may be separated into their components through physical changes including the following: –Distillation –Filtration –Chromatography –Extraction –Evaporation –Sublimation Section 1.3
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Distillation Separates homogeneous mixture on the basis of differences in boiling point. Section 1.3
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Filtration Separates solid substances from liquids and solutions. Section 1.3
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Chromatography Separates substances on the basis of differences in solubility in a solvent. Section 1.3
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Extraction The mixture is brought into contact with a solvent in which the desired substance is soluble but the other substances present are insoluble. –Salt can be extracted from a sand salt mixture with use of water. Section 1.3
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Evaporation A type of vaporization of a liquid that occurs from the surface of a liquid into a gaseous phase. Section 1.3
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Sublimation The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase. Section 1.3
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Label the following as a physical or chemical change Section 1.3
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Describe how to separate A mixture of ammonium chloride, sodium chloride and sand. A mixture of iron and sulfur. Section 1.3
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