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Published byLaurence Rice Modified over 9 years ago
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Population Ecology
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Population All the organisms of a species that live in a an area at a certain time Populations change when – new members are added or – members leave or die
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Birth The main way new members are added. Birth Rate – number of births in a certain amount of time – Example: births per year
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Death Deaths are the main way members leave a population. Death rate = number of deaths in a certain amount of timeExample: deaths per year
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Immigration Organisms move in from another environment Causes a population to increase
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Emigration Some organisms leave the environment to go somewhere else. Causes a population decrease
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Immigration Births Deaths Emigration + + - -
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Population Density Measurement of population per unit area or unit volume Examples: Wolves per square km. Bacteria per ml. If a population increases or decreases in a given area, population density also increases or decreases
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Calculate Population Density If Yellowstone National Park has 400 wolves and covers an area of 9000 square km., what is the population density of wolves in Yellowstone? _450 wolves = 0.05 wolves/km² 9000 km²
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Limiting Factors Any factor that limits the growth of a population in an ecosystem May be biotic or abiotic Examples – Climate – Food – Water – Space – Shelter
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Carrying Capacity The maximum number of organisms that can survive in a particular ecosystem. When a population reaches its carrying capacity, it cannot grow any larger
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