1. Benefits of the Redesigned RMP to Regional Board Decision Making Karen Taberski Regional Water Quality Control Board San Francisco Bay Region

2. Outline of Presentation Brief review of RMP Brief review of RMP Benefits of RMP to Regional Board Benefits of RMP to Regional Board 5-year review 5-year review Redesign Redesign  Process  Results Added benefits of the redesigned RMP to Regional Board Added benefits of the redesigned RMP to Regional Board

3. RMP Objectives (1993-1998) Obtain baseline data describing the concentration of toxic and potentially toxic trace element and organic contaminants in the water column and sediment of SF Estuary Obtain baseline data describing the concentration of toxic and potentially toxic trace element and organic contaminants in the water column and sediment of SF Estuary Determine seasonal and annual trends in water quality Determine seasonal and annual trends in water quality Develop a data set to determine long-term trends Develop a data set to determine long-term trends Determine whether water and sediment quality are in compliance with objectives established by the Basin Plan Determine whether water and sediment quality are in compliance with objectives established by the Basin Plan Provide a data base on water and sediment quality which is compatible with other ongoing studies in the region Provide a data base on water and sediment quality which is compatible with other ongoing studies in the region

4. RMP Program Base Program (Status and Trends Monitoring) Base Program (Status and Trends Monitoring) Pilot Studies/Special Studies Pilot Studies/Special Studies

5. Base Program (Status and Trends Monitoring) Water Column Water Column  Conventional parameters  Chemistry  Toxicity Sediment Sediment  Chemistry  Toxicity Bioaccumulation (bivalves) Bioaccumulation (bivalves)

9. Pilot/Special Studies Episodic toxicity Episodic toxicity Contaminants in fish tissue Contaminants in fish tissue Fish consumption study Fish consumption study Benthic pilot Benthic pilot Estuary interface study Estuary interface study Air deposition study Air deposition study Tidal wetlands contamination Tidal wetlands contamination

10. General Benefits to Regional Board Provides focus Provides focus Helps develop priorities Helps develop priorities Determine if WQOs are exceeded Determine if WQOs are exceeded Determine if beneficial uses are being protected Determine if beneficial uses are being protected

11. Specific Examples of Benefits to Regional Board Technical basis for Impaired Waterbodies List (303d list) and 305b report (Bay segments) Technical basis for Impaired Waterbodies List (303d list) and 305b report (Bay segments) Copper and nickel Copper and nickel Fish Studies Fish Studies  Contamination – PCBs & Hg, consumption advisory  Consumption – Public health education Technical basis for mercury and PCB TMDLs Technical basis for mercury and PCB TMDLs Track results of changes in pesticide usage (Episodic toxicity) Track results of changes in pesticide usage (Episodic toxicity) Ambient Sediment Guidelines Ambient Sediment Guidelines Background for NPDES permits Background for NPDES permits

12. 5-Year Review Comments 5-year review comments 5-year review comments  Refine RMP objectives  Define management and scientific questions to focus studies  Develop mass budget models to provide a context for RMP results  Evaluate sources, pathways and loadings of contaminants  Summarize, synthesize and interpret data more thoroughly including data from other programs

13. 5-Year Review and Redesign Process

14. Results of 5-Year Review and Redesign  Revised objectives  Evaluate sources, pathways and loadings  Measure contaminant effects  Developed management questions  Developing studies to evaluate sources, pathways and loadings  Developing bioaccumulation and effects pilot studies  Bioaccumulation at higher trophic levels  Better evaluate trends in bioaccumulative contaminants  Directly measure exposure and effects of contaminants in higher trophic level species to more directly evaluate BUs

15. Results of 5-year Review and Redesign (cont.)  Adopted new statistically random base program sampling design  Developing mass balance models including food web models as framework for RMP and TMDLs  Including additional toxic bioaccumulative contaminants in analyte list of base program

16. New Base Program Status and Trends Design Redefines segments of the Estuary based on scientific data Redefines segments of the Estuary based on scientific data Uses statistically random design in order to have truly representative data Uses statistically random design in order to have truly representative data Stations cover greater spatial extent (shallows) Stations cover greater spatial extent (shallows) Incorporates fish monitoring and episodic toxicity monitoring into base program Incorporates fish monitoring and episodic toxicity monitoring into base program

17. RMP Redesign Sampling locations & Rotating Panel Design

18. W=4 S=8 W=10 S=8 W=4 S=8 Number of Randomly Allocated Samples per Segment for Water and Sediment Rivers Suisun San Pablo Bay Central Bay South Bay Lower South Bay Total Samples water samples: 33 (28 random + 5 fixed) sediment samples: 49 (40 random + 9 fixed) W=4 S=8 W=6 S=8

19. RMP Water Sample Sites, Years 1 to 5 Rivers Suisun San Pablo Bay Central Bay South Bay Lower South Bay

20. New Pilot/Special Studies Bioaccumulation studies in higher trophic levels (birds, bird eggs, seals) and their prey Bioaccumulation studies in higher trophic levels (birds, bird eggs, seals) and their prey Biological effects studies tied to bioaccumulation and exposure Biological effects studies tied to bioaccumulation and exposure Measurements of particulate bound loadings from the rivers/delta Measurements of particulate bound loadings from the rivers/delta Identification of contaminants of concern for possible addition to analyte list Identification of contaminants of concern for possible addition to analyte list

21. Benefits of New Program New statistically random base program design New statistically random base program design  Data will be truly representative of the Estuary and segments of the Estuary which will result in better evaluation of:  whether the Estuary or segments of the Estuary exceed WQOs,  spatial patterns of contamination including shallows and,  the proportion of the estuary that is contaminated and/or toxic.

22. Benefits of New Program (cont.) Mass balance and food web models will: Mass balance and food web models will:  Form the technical basis of TMDLs  Help evaluate the effectiveness of source control measures and corrective actions  Act as a tool to synthesize data from the RMP and other programs  Help identify and prioritize data gaps  Form a framework for the RMP to increase our understanding of:  sources, pathways and loadings  the action of contaminants in physical, chemical and biological processes

23. Benefits of New Program (cont.) Sources and loadings studies (303d &TMDLs) Sources and loadings studies (303d &TMDLs)  Episodic toxicity-identify sources and causes of toxicity  Rivers studies will quantify loadings from Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers Bioaccumulation studies Bioaccumulation studies  Determine bioaccumulation at top of food chain  Better evaluate trends Biological effects studies allow us to more directly evaluate whether beneficial uses are being protected Biological effects studies allow us to more directly evaluate whether beneficial uses are being protected Proactive monitoring of new chemicals of concern Proactive monitoring of new chemicals of concern

24. Conclusions The RMP has been extremely valuable to Regional Board priority setting and decision making. The RMP has been extremely valuable to Regional Board priority setting and decision making. Continual internal review and adjustment of the program has allowed the RMP to adapt to regulatory changes and new scientific information. Continual internal review and adjustment of the program has allowed the RMP to adapt to regulatory changes and new scientific information. The 5-year external review added credibility to the program and provided us with insights into many aspects of the program. The 5-year external review added credibility to the program and provided us with insights into many aspects of the program. The redesign process was successful in: The redesign process was successful in:  implementing the recommendations of the review panel  using Regional Board management questions and scientific expertise to develop a program that would address these questions in a scientifically valid manner. The RMP redesign has resulted in a more sophisticated approach to contaminant studies that better meets the needs of the Regional Board. The RMP redesign has resulted in a more sophisticated approach to contaminant studies that better meets the needs of the Regional Board.

25. The RMP is a valuable environmental monitoring program based on a unique partnership between regulatory agencies and dischargers that can serve as a model for others. Such a model for collaboration and cooperation deserves national and international recognition. Such a partnership does not, to our knowledge, exist anywhere else in the world.” “In addition, the data from the RMP are of a very high quality and reflect, in many cases, state-of-the- art analysis for environmental parameters that is unequaled in a monitoring program of this size” RMP 5-Year Review Committee Report (1998)