1. JNCIA # 1

2. FreeBSD (UNIX) Separate control and forwarding plane Control plane Maintains the routing tables, bridging table, and primary forwarding table. (RE) Forwarding plane Forwarding packets, rate-limiting, cos, stateless firewall, built on ASICs. (PFE, PIC/PIM, cFEB) Control and Forwarding plane are connected through an internal link.

4. Transit and exception traffic Transit traffic handled solely by PFE. Traffic going only through the router. Exception traffic is handled by RE. Packets addressed to the RE (telnet, ssh, pings) IP packets with option field set Traffic that requires special processing (ICMP reply messages)

5. Processes Root> show system processes extensive Last pid: 1527; load averages: 0.26, 0.10, 0.16 up 0+00:12:31 14:17:54 107 processes: 2 running, 87 sleeping, 18 waiting Mem: 144m active, 61m inact, 52m wired, 224m cache, 60m buf, 7512k free Swap: 1024M total, 1024M free Pid username thr pri nice size res state time wcpu command 11 root 1 171 52 0K 12K RUN 10:07 88.18% idle 1313 root 1 96 0 11876K 7956K select 0:01 0.00% snmpd 1315 root 1 4 0 42536K 10720K kqread 0:01 0.00% rpd 1320 root 1 96 0 10256K 4604K select 0:01 0.00% pfed 1343 root 3 20 0 7396K 2472K sigwai 0:09 0.05% jddosd 1494 root 1 96 0 109M 6232K select 0:00 0.00% chassisd

6. Juniper routers M-series – Service provider edge, enterprise edge (M-7i, M-320) J-series – Branch edge (J-2320) T-series – Service provider core (ie. T-640) PTX-series – Service provider supercore (ie. PTX5000) SRX-series – Firewalls (Branch - SRX210, Enterprise SRX1400) EX-series – L2/L3 switches (ie. EX4200)